臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
紡織品的易延燒性為火災容易延燒的主因，因此賦家飾用紡織品之阻燃性至為重要。另外PU加工為當前織物加工之一種機能性改善之重要手段，因此同時兼具阻燃性及機能性(手感、透濕性等)之PU為目前研發之重點。
本研究以自行合成之氮磷阻燃劑，採後添加方式與環保性之陰離子水性PU產生架橋，進而對耐隆織物進行塗佈加工之應用。另外為改善織物之透濕性，在PU中加入添加劑(SAA16、SAA140、TEA)，探討添加劑之透濕阻燃效果。
在PU合成方式上，以H12MDI硬鏈節，DMPA為離子中心，變化軟鏈節種類及分子量，合成陰離子水性PU。再將自行合成之阻燃劑採後添加方式加入PU中。在織物加工方面，利用所合成的水性PU加工液以塗佈方式對織物進行加工，同時為增加加工布之透濕性，考慮於加工液中再添加添加劑探討加工效果。
結果發現，水性PU加入阻燃劑後，因架橋效果而使結晶提高，Tg及Tm點提高，且酯型水性PU之Tg點較醚型高。在熱重殘留方面，當添加量為0.7莫耳時，達到一個最大值，且熱重殘留以T650-0.7及E1000-0.7具13.1%的熱殘留最高，此因磷劑有助char的生成，並改變PU的裂解機構而生游離基反應，加熱過程中磷化物生成碳皮膜而具阻隔氧氣之效果。透濕性以PTMG>PEG>PCL。強力以PCL>PTMG>PEG。在LOI值方面以PEG>PTMG>PCL。
就添加不同添加劑方面，以T1000-0.7-SAA140具有較佳之物性平衡。

Abstract
The high flame propagation rate of textile material is the major cause of the fire . PU-finishing is an important . Therefore , it is very significant to develop flame-retarding PU to meet the demand of flame resistance as well as functionality .
This project will first synthesized flame-resistant agent containing synergetic nitrogen and phosphorous . This fire-resistant agent added to enviormental anionic waterbrone polyurethane . Then to produce crosslinking reaction , and investigate its application on the coating of nylon fabrics . To improve the water-vapor-permeability , these additives (SAA16、SAA140、TEA) will also be introduce into the waterbrone PU .
The synthesis will use H12MDI as the hard-segment , DMPA as the ionic center , to form anionic aqueous PU . Then , this fire-resistant agent crosslinking with aqueous PU . The synthesized PU will be coated onto the fabrics . To improve the water-vapor-permeability , the other additives will also be added to the finishing liquors .
On composition , the increase of fire resistant agent will be to increase with Tg and Tm . On different soft-segment：ester base PU''s Tg is higher ether . This phosphate conduce to product the char yield to resistant the oxygen gas , and change PU degradation by radical reaction . The synthesis of T650-0.7 and E1000-0.7 have best at 13.1% on TGA , water-vapor-permeability have PTMG>PEG>PCL ,Breaking strength have PCL>PTMG>PEG ,Limit Oxygen Index have PEG>PTMG> PCL . On different additives：T1000-0.7-SAA140 have the best physical equilibrium .

陰離子型氮磷系阻燃性水性PU之合成及其在織物整理加工上之應用
一、前言
1-1序言
1-2過去研究
1-2-1防火理論
1-2-2含磷氮系阻燃劑相關研究
1-2-3阻燃性水性PU之相關研究
1-2-4難燃性塗佈織物加工之相關研究
1-3本研究目的
二、實驗方法
2-1實驗材料
2-2實驗設備
2-3實驗流程
2-3-1加工流程
2-3-2反應方式
2-4薄膜成型方式
2-5合成物構造分析
2-6水性PU合成物薄膜物性測試
2-7織物加工方法
2-8織物加工之物性測試
三、結果與討論
3-1合成與鑑定分析
3-1-1防火劑之合成與鑑定
3-1-2陰離子水性PU之合成與鑑定
3-2PTMG系之阻燃性水性PU對耐隆織物塗佈加工之影響
3-2-1阻燃性水性PU其成型薄膜之構造與性質
3-2-2阻燃性水性PU其加工織物之物性
3-3PEG系及PCL系之陰離子水性PU對耐隆織物塗佈加工之影響
3-3-1阻燃性水性PU其成型薄膜之構造與性質
3-3-2阻燃性水性PU其加工織物之物性
3-4添加劑對加工布之物性影響

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