臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

動態光散射檢測系統 (Dynamic Light Scattering System, DLS)是屬於光電量测重要中的ㄧ環，可用來量測平均奈米粉體粒徑的大小與分佈，但國人對此項技術了解並不深入，故此研究為國人自行發展一套低成本奈米流體粒徑檢測儀器，同時也研發一套可以將光纖作為量測探頭的動態光量測系統，使用光纖可減低光路對準程序的繁雜，以及光纖較不受量測距離的限制等因素，進而對未來的線上奈米粒徑量測之發展建立基礎，本研究系統透過光學鏡組的對準以及光路系統的處理規劃，透過光子計數器(photon counters)之訊號截取及數位相關計數器(digital correlator)的訊號處理，獲得奈米粉體之動態光散射訊號與自相關數據，同時，配合奈米顆粒在液體中作布朗運動(Brownian motion)之原理和史托克-愛因斯坦(Stokes-Einestein)方程式，計算出粉體平均粒徑大小與分佈。為了瞭解此自製之量測準確性，將使用標準粒徑大小之粉體進行多次量測，證實粒徑量測之平均誤差在12%之內。

This article presents the development of an on-line measurement and control system to characterize and optimize the nanoparticle manufacturing process, called the submerged arc spray nanoparticle synthesis system (SANSS) currently being developed by the Nano fabrication Laboratory of Taipei University of Technology. The desired uniformity of nanomaterials has been widely recognized as an extremely important step towards successful development of nanomaterials for technology breakthrough. The SANSS has been developed to generate nanoparticles and to explore the possibilities of optimized processes of generating desired nanopowders. In the SANSS, Titanium oxide nanoparticles are prepared physically using vacuum-controlled electric arcing through nucleation, growth and condensation in de-ionized water. To achieve an optimized system control of particle uniformity, the research investigates the feasibility of using an optical fiber probe based on dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique to monitor and control particle sizes in the SANSS. Based on the DLS, an on-line nanoparticle sampling and measurement system was developed and integrated with the SANSS as an important step to verify the feasibility and performance of the proposed method. Details of system design and experimental results are included to evaluate the outcomes of this approach. To test the measurement accuracy of the developed system, the calibrated polystyrene latex particles with known accurate sizes were applied to verify the feasibility of the proposed methodology. The data conformity between the measurement results of TiO2 nanoparticles by the various methods, including TEM, a calibrated commercial particle sizing system and the on-line measurement system, has indicated that the developed method was feasible and effective.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 3
1.3 本文結構 4
第二章 文獻回顧與原理分析 6
2.1 分子鬆弛運動原理(molecular relaxation motion) 6
2.2 動態光散射現象與分子運動 7
2.3 分子之布朗運動(Brownian motion) 11
2.4 動態光散射量測原理 17
2.5 後散射式(Back-Scattering)光纖探頭量測方法與原理 21
2.6 光纖準彈性光散射系統 25
2.7 羅倫特羅倫茲(Lorentz–Lorenz)不同濃度之計算公式 26
2.8 多重散射現象（Multiple Scattering） 27
2.9 費比干涉鏡(Fabry-Perot)的使用 30
2.10 雷利(Rayleigh Scattering)散射理論 32
2.11 米氏(Mie Scattering)散射理論 33
第三章 實驗架構與實驗方法 35
3.1 動態光散射系統實驗分析 35
3.2 動態光散射系統實驗硬體設備 39
3.3 動態光散射系統實驗軟體系統 47
3.4 動態光散射量測光纖探頭之實驗設備 50
3.5 動態光散射量測探頭之軟體系統 52
第四章 實驗與結果分析 54
4.1 實驗樣本的製作 54
4.2 實驗程序分析 56
4.2.1 動態光散射系統實驗程序 56
4.2.2 動態光散射量測探頭之實驗程序 57
4.3 實驗量測結果顯示 59
4.3.1 動態光散射系統自相關曲線分析 59
4.3.2 動態光散射系統之散射光強實驗 61
4.3.3 動態光散射系統之濃度實驗結果與分析 63
4.3.4 光纖式量測探頭之實驗結果與分析 67
4.3.5 光纖式量測探頭之濃度實驗結果與分析 69
4.3.6 動態光散射系統量測二氧化鈦奈米顆粒 73
4.4 實驗結果之分析 76
4.4.1 動態光散射系統之實驗結果比較 76
4.5 問題討論 80
4.5.1 動態光散射系統之光纖問題 80
4.5.2 動態光散射系統之雷射光源問題 82
4.5.3 光纖量測探頭之散射光擷取討論 84
4.5.4 多重分佈(Polydispersity)量測之討論 86
第五章 結論與未來展望 88
5.1 結論 88
5.2 未來展望 89
參考文獻 91

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