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研究生:蕭元碩
研究生(外文):Yuan-Shuo Hsiao
論文名稱:敏化處理對321型不銹鋼機械性質之影響
論文名稱(外文):The Effect of Sensitizing Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Type 321 Stainless Steel
指導教授:黃祺祥
指導教授(外文):Chi-Shang Huang
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:義守大學
系所名稱:材料科學與工程學系
學門:工程學門
學類:材料工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2000
畢業學年度:88
語文別:中文
論文頁數:89
中文關鍵詞:安定化沃斯田鐵晶界碳化鉻敏化碳化物析出
外文關鍵詞:Stabilized austenitic stainless steelIntergranularChromium carbidesSensitizingCarbide precipitate
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321型不銹鋼是一安定沃斯田鐵系不銹鋼,係添加鈦而安定化,因鈦與碳之親合力大於鉻,而形成碳化鈦來抑制碳化鉻的形成(1)。321型不銹鋼可用於敏化溫度之高溫,乃因其高溫強度較高,以及在敏化溫度800至1600。F(426至871。C)範圍(2),其晶界沒有碳化物析出。304L型不銹鋼為低碳的沃斯田鐵系不銹鋼,含碳量在0.03%以下。
本計劃旨在研究321型不銹鋼及焊件在敏化溫度範圍,碳化物析出對機械性質之影響,將321型及304L型不銹鋼試片分別加熱至550、650、750、850。CX24小時,作拉伸試驗;觀察其敏化現象及是否有晶界腐蝕的情形。以及為了研究321型不銹鋼之安定度,將321型及304L型不銹鋼試片以不同應變率做拉伸試驗。本研究係使用硬度試驗、拉伸試驗、腐蝕實驗、顯微鏡組織觀察與成份分析以及X光繞射分析來進行。並藉上述實驗來評估燁聯公司所生產321型不銹鋼之品質及合金設計,並作為日後品質改進之參考。
Type 321 stainless steel is a stabilized austenitic stainless steel。This grade is stabilized with titanium。Ti element has a greater affinity for carbon than chromium,binding the carbon as titanium carbides and suppressing the formation of chromium carbides。
Type 321 is usable to higher temperatures in the sensitizing Temperatures range because it has higher strength at elevated temperature and because it does not form intergranular chromium carbides when heated in the 800 to 1600。F(426 to 871。C)temperature range。
In this study,in order to investigate the influence of carbides precipitates on mechanical properties of Type 321 stainless steel and weldment in the sensitizing temperature range,Type 321 and Type 304L specimen are heated at 550、650、750、850。C for 24 hour,in order to study their sensitizing ,respectively。In order to study the stability of Type 321,Type 321 and Type 304L specimen are strained at different reduction。
Meanwhile,the microhardness test,tensile test,corrosion test,x-ray diffraction analysis and the observation of microstructure and of fracture surface are used。Hopefully,these are used to evaluate the quality and alloy design of Type 321 stainless steel produced by Yieh United Corp.and can be as a base for the future on the quality improvement of Type 321 stainless steel produced by Yieh United Corporation。
Keywords: Stabilized austenitic stainless steel,Intergranular,Chromium carbides,Sensitizing,Carbide precipitate。
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
誌謝………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅳ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………………Ⅶ
表目錄……………………………………………………………………………………Ⅹ
第一章 前言
1-1前言與研究動機……………………………………………………………………...1
第二章 理論背景與文獻回顧
2-1 不銹鋼簡介與合金發展歷史………………………………………………………..2
2-2 沃斯田鐵系不銹鋼簡介……………………………………………………………..5
2.3 沃斯田鐵系不銹鋼的晶界腐蝕及脆裂……………………………………………..7
2.4 沃斯田鐵系不銹鋼之熱處理………………………………………………………..11
2.5 沃斯田鐵系不銹鋼之凝固過程及熱裂縫…………………………………………..12
2.6 合金元素對不銹鋼的影響…………………………………………………………..17
2.7 不銹鋼機械性質相關理論…………………………………………………………..22
2.8 真實應力-真實應變的關係…………………………………………………………25
2.9 不銹鋼的加工硬化…………………………………………………………………..26
2.10不銹鋼的麻田散鐵變態………………………………………………………….....30
2.11不銹鋼的高溫機械性質…...………………………………………………………..31
2.12不銹鋼的焊接……………………………………………………………………….35
第三章 實驗方法與步驟
3.1 實驗流程…………………………………………………………………………….37
3.2 試片規格…………………………………………………………………………….38
3.3 金相組織觀察……………………………………………………………………….39
3.4 實驗步驟…………………………………………………………………………….40
第四章 實驗結果與討論
4.1 Type 321與Type 304L不銹鋼的常溫機械性質………………………………….…46
4.2 應變後之金相觀察…………………………………………………………………..54
4.3 麻田散鐵變態測試…………………………………………………………………..56
4.4 熱影響區的硬度及金相組織………………………………………………………..60
4.5 敏化處理後拉伸的SEM金相及成分分析…………………………………………63
4.6 長時間敏化處理後321及304L不銹鋼的析出相…………………………………66
4.6.1 敏化處理750℃x(24h)及(48h) 321及304L不銹鋼的金相……………………66
4.6.2 敏化處理750℃x(500h)321及304L不銹鋼的金相……………………………68
4.6.3 長時間敏化處理後321及304L不銹鋼的硬度分佈………………………..…70
4.7 晶粒大小對機械性質的影響………………………………………………………..73
4.8 真實應力與真實應變的關係………………………………………………………..75
4.9 安定化熱處理後321與304L不銹鋼的機械性質…………………………………80
4.10 破斷面分析………………………………………………………………………....81
第五章 結論……………………………………………………………………………...83
第六章 參考文獻………………………………………………………………………...85
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