臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以數種薄荷(Mentha) 葉為原料，將其攪碎後，以水蒸氣蒸餾萃取精油。所得精油再以氣相層析質譜分析儀鑑定其揮發性成分。同時探討薄荷葉精油之抗氧化性、以及抗菌及抗發炎能力之研究。研究結果如下:台灣土薄荷精油之收率為0.40%。精油中共鑑定出35種化合物，其主成分為menthol及menthone，其含量分別為32.26％及29.28%。日本薄荷精油之收率為0.30%。精油中共鑑定出40種化合物，其主成分為menthol及menthone，其含量分別為57.17％及13.72％。柳橙薄荷精油之收率為0.30%。精油中共鑑定出45種化合物，其主成分為limonene及D-viridiflorol，其含量分別為25.97％及12.27％。瑞士薄荷精油之收率為0.32%。精油中共鑑定出34種化合物，其主成分為menthone及menthol，其含量分別為44.66%及15.33%。
在抗氧化活性分析中，總酚類化合物含量分析結果，每mL薄荷精油中總酚含量分別為13.07、12.82、18.70及12.67 mg。清除DPPH自由基能力，當濃度為50 μg/mL時以日本薄荷清除力最佳達55.33%。分析FRAP結果方面，日本薄荷精油之表現最佳，其1 g精油之還原能力FRAP值相當於129.0 mg的BHT ，其次為柳橙薄荷精油還原能力FRAP值相當於70.3 mg、台灣土薄荷精油及瑞士薄荷精油其還原能力FRAP則低於50 mg。
在抗菌活性分析中，薄荷精油在濃度1%時對不同病原菌其抑制效果為50%以上，對E. coli(大腸桿菌)、S. aureus(金黃色葡萄球菌)及V.parahaemolyticus (腸炎弧菌)日本薄荷可達90%以上的抑菌效果。S. typhimurium (沙門氏菌)日本、台灣土薄荷及瑞士薄荷可達50%以上的抑菌率。
在抗發炎試驗中，數種薄荷精油幾乎抑制TNF-α的產生，結果顯示，日本薄荷精油抑制TNF-α產生，其次是台灣土薄荷、柳橙薄荷精油及瑞士薄荷精油。數種薄荷精油皆可抑制NO的產生，結果顯示以瑞士薄荷精油抗NO產生的效果最佳，其次是日本薄荷精油、柳橙薄荷精油，最後是台灣土薄荷精油。綜合上述結果，薄荷確實具有抗氧化、抗菌及抗發炎之能力。

Mentha was examined for their antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. Essential oils (EO) were first separated by the steam distillation. The obtained EO were further subjected to solvent fractionation on a silica gel chromatorgraphy. The separated sub EO fractions were analyzed by GC/MS.
The yields of the essential oil were 0.40% for Mentha arvensis. Thirty seven kinds of volatiles were found in the essential oil of Mentha arvensis, among which the major components were menthol and menthone, reaching respectively 32.26% and 29.28% in the whole essential oils. The yields of the essential oil were 0.30% for Mentha canadensis. Forty three kinds of volatiles were found in the essential oil of Japanese mint , among which the major components were menthol and menthone, reaching respectively 57.17% and 13.72% in the whole essential oils.The yields of the essential oil were 0.30% for Mentha aquatica . Forty seven kinds of volatiles were found in the essential oil of Orange mint, among which the major components were limonene and D-viridiflorol, reaching respectively 25.97% and 12.27% in the whole essential oils. The yields of the essential oil were 0.32% for Mentha piperita. Thirty six kinds of volatiles were found in the essential oil of Swiss mint, among which the major components were menthone and menthol, reaching respectively 44.66% and 15.33% in the whole essential oils.
By antioxidant analysis, the total polyphenolics were analyzed. Data showed that each mL of the Mentha leaves contained a total poplyphenolics of 13.07, 12.82, 18.70 and 12.67 mg. The essential oils of Japanese mint at concentration of 50μg/mL showed 55.33% of DPPH free radical scavenging capability. The FRAP value of essential oils was found to have reducing capacity (FRAP value) in an order of Japanese mint, Orange mint, Mentha arvensis and Swiss mint, equivalent to 129.0, 70.3, 41.5 and 26.5 mg of BHT,respectively.
By antibacterial analysis, the essential oils of Mentha at 1% revealed 50% of anti- bacterial properties. Japanese mint attained a 90% of antibacterial activity against the common pathogens E. coli，V. parahaemolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus . Japanese mint, Mentha arvensis and Swiss mint attained a 50% of antibacterial activity against the common pathogens S. typhimurium.
By anti-inflammatory analysis, that all the essential oil revealed substantial effect to suppress the expression of TNF-α, and indeed more potent than the essential oil of Japanese mint.
In conclusion, All mints essential oil has the merit to provide moderate antioxidants and antibacterial capability.

目錄
中文摘要 I
目錄 V
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
壹、前言 1
貳、文獻回顧 3
一、薄荷簡介 3
二、精油之介紹 11
三、抗氧化活性之研究17
四、抗菌活性之研究 22
叁、材料與方法 30
一、實驗架構 30
二、實驗材料 31
(一) 原料 31
(二) 藥品與溶劑 31
(三) 菌種 32
(四) 細胞 33
(五) 實驗儀器 33
三、實驗方法 33
(一)、一般成分分析 33
(二)、薄荷精油成分及含量之鑑定33
(三)、薄荷精油抗氧化能力試驗 35
(四)、精油抗菌活性試驗 37
(五)、薄荷精油對巨噬細胞抗發炎試驗 39
肆、結果與討論 47
一、數種薄荷葉之ㄧ般組成 47
二、數種薄荷葉精油組成分之探討 47
三、數種薄荷精油之抗氧化活性 60
四、數種薄荷精油之抑菌效果評估 68
五、數種薄荷精油之抑發炎效果評估 81
伍、結論 88
陸、參考文獻 90

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