臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

行動網路及行動裝置的普及，以及資訊時代之下的大量資訊湧現，改變了人們的接受資訊的行為，接收訊息的時間逐漸變短，需要消化處理的資訊變多，訊息傳達者進而需思考要如何讓訊息傳遞更有效率、更吸引觀者，資訊視覺設計因而孕育而生。現今常見的資訊視覺化設計多是以圖表搭配文字的方式呈現，然而文字與圖表間該互相重複精確傳達資訊，亦或是相輔相成？有鑑於此設計實務上的兩難，本研究欲探討觀者觀看圖文重複性不同的圖文時，如何在圖文之間建構理解資訊內容，另外亦探討不同類型的資訊圖像，以及認知風格類型不同的觀者，又有何不同眼動模式及訊息攫取效果。本研究分為兩個實驗，實驗一根據之前相關研究結果而設計，以單張圖文探討圖文重複性及認知風格對於眼動模式及訊息攫取效果之影響；實驗二則加入不同類型的圖文（地理資訊類、數據資訊類、圖解說明類），探討圖文重複性、資訊類型及認知風格（文字型及圖像型）對於眼動模式及訊息攫取效果之影響。本實驗共蒐集86位受試者的眼動及閱讀測驗資料，以閱讀測驗分數來測量訊息攫取效果，並使用雙因子變異數分析。
實驗結果顯示，對於圖文重複設計的刺激，受試者訊息攫取較好，在眼動指標方面，發現觀者個人認知風格影響閱讀歷程前期在圖文區的注意力分佈；閱讀歷程中期受認知風格及圖文重複性交互作用所影響；而後期則圖文重複性操弄影響其注意力分佈。在資訊類型的影響效果方面，以地理資訊類及圖解說明類資訊最需要圖表輔助閱讀，數據資訊類及圖解說明類較受圖文重複性所影響，改變其在圖文上注意力分佈。
整體來說，本研究對於觀者在閱讀資訊圖文的閱讀歷程及訊息攫取進行探討，對圖文閱讀相關領域提供一個可能的見解，特別是在圖文重複性設計的角度。

As the rapid and explosive development of ICT(information communication technology) and digital content, people who live in such information society must learn to absorb a vast amount of messages with a more efficient and intuitive way. As a result, new design skills like information visualization has emerged to improve audience knowledge digestion. To create a successful of information visualization work, representing complicated or abstract data through graphical language is not the only critical technique. The aids that provided by the explanatory text within an infographic work is also considerable. Therefore, this study investigates the audiences information capture performance under different coherence relation between the graphic and text. Two between-subjects experiments were conducted in the study. Experiment one adopted graphics-text redundancy and readers’ cognitive style as two independent factors, and measured the participants’ viewing procedure by an eye tracker and also examined their reading comprehension with the test. Experiment two used three different types of information visualization works as stimuli, geographical, numerical, and explanatory, and create two versions of graphic-text redundancy. The participants’ cognitive styles were also determined by a standard test. The results of experiment one indicate that the condition of graphics-text redundant produced better information capture performance, while the cognitive style and graphic-text redundancy did interactively affect the eye movements during the middle period within a whole reading process. The results of experiment two showed that the different types of infographic work significantly affect information capture performance. In addition, comprehending the geographical and explanatory types of works is heavily rely on viewing the graphics, while the readers’ attention distribution in reading numerical and explanatory types of works was largely affected by the graphic-text redundancy. In general, this study reveals that the comprehending process and information capture performance in reading various types and graphic-text forms of information visualization works. The finding in the study provides some useful knowledge for related designers, especially when they facing the design choice of whether applying the graphic-text redundant design in creating infographic works.

摘要 iv
Abstract v
目錄 vii
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xiii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 2
1.3 研究問題 4
1.4 研究範圍與限制 4
1.4.1 研究範圍 4
1.4.2 研究限制 5
1.5 研究架構 6
第二章 文獻探討 7
2.1 圖文閱讀的相關理論 7
2.1.1 訊息處理理論 7
2.1.2 雙碼理論 8
2.1.3 多媒體學習理論 9
2.2 圖文閱讀的相關研究 11
2.2.1 圖文關係的研究 11
2.2.2 圖文並置的眼動研究 14
2.3 資訊圖表 16
2.3.1 資訊圖表的定義 16
2.3.2 資訊圖表之種類與特性 17
2.3.3 資訊圖表的相關研究 18
2.4 眼動訊息處理歷程與指標 20
2.4.1 圖文的訊息處理歷程 20
2.4.2 圖文閱讀的眼球運動指標 22
2.5 認知風格 24
2.5.1 認知風格的起源、定義與種類 24
2.5.2 認知風格與圖文閱讀的相關研究 27
2.6 研究假設 28
第三章 研究方法與實驗設計 30
3.1 研究方法 30
3.1.1 研究設計 30
3.1.2 變項描述 31
3.1.3 研究方法 34
3.1.4 研究流程 36
3.2 實驗設計 37
3.2.1 受試者 37
3.2.2 實驗刺激 37
3.2.3 實驗環境 42
3.2.4 前測 43
3.2.5 實驗流程 45
第四章 資料統計與分析方法 48
第五章 實驗結果分析與討論 49
5.1 實驗一結果 49
5.1.1 描述統計資料 49
5.1.2 操弄檢核問卷結果 50
5.1.3 眼球移動資料分析結果 50
5.1.4 閱讀測驗表現 57
5.2 實驗二結果 57
5.2.1 描述統計資料 57
5.2.2 操弄檢核問卷結果 58
5.2.3 眼球移動資料分析結果 59
5.2.4 閱讀測驗表現 78
5.3 綜合討論 79
第六章 結論與建議 90
6.1 結論 90
第七章 參考文獻 95
附錄 103
附錄一、實驗一刺激 103
附錄二、實驗二刺激 104
附錄三、實驗一閱讀測驗題 113
附錄四、實驗二閱讀測驗題 114
附錄五、SOP(Style of processing Scale)認知風格量表 117

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