臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究用甲苯-2,4-二異氰酸酯(TDI)、乙二胺(EDA)及五種不同鏈長的二醇化合物(EG、HD、PEG 300、PEG 1000和PEG 2000)，搭配聚乙烯醇(PVA 1000，水溶性乳化劑)和失水山梨醇三油酸酯(Span 85，油溶性乳化劑)等化合物，採用界面聚合法合成聚氨基甲酸酯-聚脲(PU-A)微膠囊。
藉由改變TDI、EDA和二醇化合物的莫耳數比以及水溶性乳化劑的用量，探討軟鏈節和硬鏈節長度如何影響PU-A微膠囊的表面形態和粒徑大小。並藉由包覆茶葉鹼探討這些組成變因對PU-A微膠囊釋放行為的影響。
結果得知，在改變軟硬鏈節的莫耳數比例方面，隨著莫耳比例的增加，亦即PU-A的硬鏈節增長，微膠囊之平均粒徑也隨之增大，且表面結構形態較為圓滑，釋放速率也較慢。在探討軟鏈節長度方面，隨著二醇化合物分子量的增加，亦即隨著軟鏈節增長，其平均粒徑、表面結構形態和釋放行為變化之趨勢與硬鏈節類似。至於在探討水相乳化劑含量的影響方面，我們發現隨PVA1000含量的增加，粒徑隨之減小，沉降速度也較慢，但對於微膠囊之表面形態影響不大。

In this study, preparation of polyurethane-urea(PU-A) microcapsules was by interfacial polymerization which used by toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI), ethylene diamine(EDA) and the diol compound(EG, HD, PEG 300, PEG 1000 and PEG 2000) with five different length, combine polyvinyl alcohol(PVA 1000, aqueous phase emulsifier) and sorbitan trioleate(Span 85, oil phase emulsifier) ect..
By change the molar ratios of TDI, EDA, the diol compound and the weight of the aqueous phase emulsifier, to study the soft segment and the hard segment influence on the surface morphologic and the particle size of PU-A microcapsules. By package theophylline to study the influence of PU-A microcapsules release behavior under these different effects.
By this experiment, in the condition of change soft segment and hard segment mole ratio, by the molar ratios increased, such as hard segment of PU-A increased, the average particle size of microcapsules increased and the surface structure morphologic was smoother, and the release rate was slower. In the research about the length of soft segment, by the content of diol compound increased, such as soft segment increased, the change of the average particle size, the surface structure morphologic and the release behavior was similar to hard segment. In the research about the influence of content of aqueous phase emulsifier, by the content of PVA 1000 increased, the particle size was decreased and settling rate was slower, but the surface morphologic of microcapsules was not evident.

目錄
中文摘要………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
目錄……………………………………………………………………Ⅳ
圖索引…………………………………………………………………Ⅶ
表索引…………………………………………………………………XⅣ
第一章 前言……………………………………………………………1
1.1概述…………………………………………………………………1
1.1.1微膠囊簡介………………………………………………………1
1.1.2微膠囊之功能……………………………………………………3
1.1.3微膠囊之應用……………………………………………………6
1.1.4微膠囊之製備技術………………………………………………7
1.2文獻回顧……………………………………………………………9
1.3茶葉鹼………………………………………………………………13
1.4實驗動機……………………………………………………………14
第二章 原理……………………………………………………………15
2.1聚氨基甲酸酯的化學反應…………………………………………15
2.2聚氨基甲酸酯的交鏈反應…………………………………………16
2.3微相分離理論………………………………………………………17
2.3.1硬鏈節之效應……………………………………………………18
2.3.2軟鏈節之效應……………………………………………………18
2.4聚氨基甲酸酯-聚脲之合成方式………………………………….20
2.5微膠囊之形成原理…………………………………………………22
2.5.1界面理論…………………………………………………………22
2.5.2界面聚合法製備微膠囊…………………………………………25
2.6釋放理論……………………………………………………………28
2.7貝爾-藍貝特定律(Beer-Lambert’s Law)………………………31
第三章 實驗……………………………………………………………32
3.1實驗架構……………………………………………………………32
3.2實驗材料……………………………………………………………33
3.3實驗儀器與設備……………………………………………………36
3.4聚氨基甲酸酯-聚脲微膠囊之製備流程………………………….38
3.5測試項目……………………………………………………………41
3.5.1 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, FTIR)分析……………………………………………………………………………………41
3.5.2雷射粒徑分析(Laser Particle Size Analyzer)……………………….41
3.5.3掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM)……………41
3.5.4紫外/可見分光光度計(UV/visible spectrophotometer)………………42
3.6釋放行為之測試……………………………………………………………….43
3.6.1茶葉鹼之檢量線製作……………………………………………………….43
第四章 結果與討論……………………………………………………………….44
4.1 FTIR分析………………………………………………………………………44
4.2 粒徑分析………………………………………………………………………47
4.3 SEM之觀測…………………………………………………………………….59
4.4微膠囊之沉降速率分析……………………………………………………….78
4.5釋放行為之分析……………………………………………………………….81
第五章 結論……………………………………………………………………….85
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………88
誌謝…………………………………………………………………………………92

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