臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

鋼珠市場上的佔有率最高之鋼種為SUJ2，其碳含量高達1.0 Wt%，為過共析鋼。由Fe-Fe3C平衡相圖觀察，易產生共晶碳化物及共析碳化物等組織，造成加工之困難。本研究以合金添加法及不同時效熱處理條件，探討氮含量及熱處理對於鋼鐵材料機械性質的影響。
實驗中使用高週波熔煉爐在氮氣氛下進行熔煉，熔煉時在高碳鋼中添加氮鉻鐵合金提高其氮含量，並進行硬度試驗及耐磨耗試驗等機械性質測試，實驗結果顯示，氮含量越高，則磨耗的重量損失越小，磨秏軌道與磨屑經EDS分析顯示有大量氧元素與微量鎢元素殘留。熱處理方面，首先將試片進行1250℃、1小時之固溶化處理，待試片冷卻至室溫後，分別進行700℃與800℃、15小時與30小時之球化熱處理，觀察其熱處理後之碳化物析出情形，經由EDS分析後可證明其碳當量均比基地相高出許多，由SUJ2的XRD分析可發現熱處理前SUJ2-bar與SUJ2-h.r.試片(氮含量為50 ppm)均為肥粒鐵相，N378、N238與N172試片(氮含量分別為378 ppm、238 ppm、與172 ppm)為麻田散鐵相，但球化熱處理後均為肥粒鐵相。

The high carbon steel SUJ2 which carbon content is 1 wt% is the most used steel in ball bearing. In SUJ2 the eutectic and eutectoid carbides can easily be formed that make its manufacturing difficult. In this research the mechanical properties of this steel doped with various alloying elements and heat treated under different conditions are studied.
The high carbon steels are alloyed with Fe-Cr-N alloy and melt in high frequency atmosphere controlled furnace under nitrogen atmosphere. Hardness and wearing tests are performed. The test results present that the weight loss after wearing test decreases with increasing nitrogen content and the worn materials are oxidized under the EDS analysis. After cooling to room temperature samples were solution treated at 1250℃ for 1 hour and then spheroidizing treated at 700℃ and 800℃ for 15 hours and 30 hours. Precipitation of carbide was observed after heat treatment and the carbon equivalent of carbide is much higher than that in base metal. The test results of XRD present that the main structure is ferrite in both non-treated SUJ2 and treated SUJ2 (N: 50 ppm) and martensite in N378 (N: 378 ppm), N238 (N: 238 ppm) and N172 (N: 172 ppm). Nevertheless, all the samples after spheroidizing have a main structure of ferrite.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 III
誌謝 IV
總目錄 V
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 XIII
第一章 研究動機與目的 1
第二章 理論基礎 2
2-1 SUJ2滾珠軸承用鋼 2
2-1-1 SUJ2顯微結構 2
2-1-2 共晶碳化物形成機制 4
2-2 相變化理論 5
2-2-1 鋼鐵相變化的特徵 5
2-3 麻田散鐵相變化 7
2-3-1 麻田散鐵相變化的特徵 7
2-3-2 麻田散鐵的晶體結構 9
2-3-3 麻田散鐵的結晶學 11
2-3-4 麻田散鐵的型態學 14
2-4 氮對SUJ2軸承鋼機械性質之影響 16
2-5 其他元素對SUJ2軸承鋼機械性質之影響 18
2-6 磨耗試驗理論及機構 21
2-6-1 磨耗型態 21
2-6-2 影響磨耗之因素 28
2-7 熱處理條件對SUJ2軸承鋼相變化之影響 29
第三章 實驗方法與流程 30
3-1 實驗流程及相關參數 30
3-2 實驗步驟 32
3-3 機械性質分析. 34
3-3-1 硬度試驗(Hardness Test) 34
3-3-2 耐磨耗試驗(Wearing Test) 35
3-4 顯微組織分析 37
3-4-1 光學 掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察 37
3-4-2 X-ray試驗 38
第四章 結果與討論 39
4-1 金相顯微組織分析 39
4-1-1 熱處理前顯微組織 39
4-1-2 熱處理後碳化物顯微組織 46
4-2 硬度分析 69
4-2-1 熱處理前硬度值 69
4-2-2 熱處理後硬度值 70
4-3 X-Ray 結晶結構分析 75
4-3-1 熱處理前X-Ray 結晶結構分析 75
4-3-2 熱處理後X-Ray 結晶結構分析 76
4-4 磨耗試驗分析 79
4-4-1 磨耗軌道分析 79
4-4-2 磨屑分析 85
4-4-3 摩擦係數分析 93
第五章 結論 99
第六章 參考文獻 100

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