臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

用龍鬚菜餵食台灣鮑，在水溫32℃與鹽度35 ppt的組合環境下之攝食量及攝食率最大，在水溫28℃與鹽度30 ppt的組合下次之，在水溫20℃與鹽度25 ppt的組合下之攝食量及攝食率最小，最多與最少之間相差近6倍。用人工飼料餵食台灣鮑，在水溫24℃與鹽度35 ppt的組合下之攝食量及攝食率最大，在水溫32℃與鹽度40 ppt的組合下攝食量攝食率最小，最多與最少之間相差有4倍。養殖業者可考慮在夏季投餵龍鬚菜，冬季改投餵人工飼料。
用龍鬚菜餵食雜交鮑，在水溫32℃與鹽度35 ppt的組合環境下攝食量及攝食率最大，在水溫28℃與鹽度25及30 ppt的組合下次之，在水溫20℃與鹽度40 ppt的組合下之攝食量及攝食率最小，最多與最少之間相差有5.7倍。用人工飼料餵食雜交鮑魚，在水溫28℃與鹽度25 ppt的組合下之攝食量及攝食率最大，在水溫24℃與鹽度30 ppt的組合下次之，在水溫20℃與鹽度40 ppt的組合下攝食量及攝食率最小，最多與最少之間相差有4倍。養殖業者除在夏季投餵龍鬚菜外，可考慮在其他季節投餵人工飼料。
台灣鮑經184天飼養，在流水系統中投餵龍鬚菜的增重及增長最多；然而飼養在循環水系統中投餵人工飼料之台灣鮑其成長亦良好；而飼養在流水式系統中投餵人工飼料之台灣鮑其增重及增長最少；增重最多與最少之間相差約1.5倍。每日的增重及每日的增長以飼養在流水式養殖系統中餵食龍鬚菜，及飼養在循環水養殖系統中餵食人工飼料飼較好；5/11~6/7及6/8~7/5這2個時段之增重及增長較好，3/15~4/12及7/6~8/2這2個時段之增重及增長狀況較差。
雜交鮑經128天飼養，在流水式系統中投餵龍鬚菜的增重及增長最多，而飼養在流水式系統中投餵人工飼料的增重及增長最少。每日的增重及每日的增長，以飼養在流水式養殖系統中餵食人工飼料狀況最差；5/10~6/7及6/8~7/5這2個時段每日增重及增長較好，7/6~8/2及8/3~9/15這2個時段每日增重及增長較差。
鮑魚利用流水式養殖，餵食龍鬚菜的成長良好外，利用循環系統養殖，餵食人工飼料亦有良好的表現，所以遇到天候不佳，如雨季、夏季水溫過高或冬季寒流來襲的時候，可考慮改用循環水系統，餵食人工飼料，是度過不利天候的好方法。在6/8~7/5這段時間台灣鮑與雜交鮑的每日增重及增長皆不錯，這個時段基隆的平均溫度約在28℃左右，比較水溫與鹽度對攝食的影響可知，在此時段之攝食量很高，雜交鮑在外觀上與台灣鮑差異不大，僅在外型上較台灣鮑略寬一些，其成長速度與台灣鮑不相上下，可作為另外一種養殖鮑魚品種。

Abstract
Feeding of Taiwan abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta placed in 16 different regimes (temperature 20, 24, 28, 32 ℃ and salinity 25, 30, 35, 40 ppt) was examined when fed Gracilaria and artificial diet. Among the 16 treatments in Gracilaria group, feeding of abalone at the combined conditions of 32 ℃ and 35 ppt was the best, followed by 28 ℃and 30 ppt. Feeding of Taiwan abalone at the combined condition of 20 ℃ and 25 ppt was the lowest, and was one sixth to that at 32 ℃ and 35 ppt. Among the 16 treatments in artificial group, feeding of abalone at the combined condition of 24 ℃ and 35 ppt was the highest, and the lowest at 32 ℃ and 40 ppt. Feeding rate of the latter had only one fourth of the former. Taiwan abalone fed Gracilaria in summer, and artificial diet in winter is suggested.
Feeding of hybrid abalone (H. diversicolor supertexta ♀ × H. diversicolor ♂) placed in 16 different regimes (temperature 20, 24, 28, 32 ℃ and salinity 25, 30, 35, 40 ppt) was examined when fed Gracilaria and artificial diet. Among the 16 treatments in Gracilaria group, feeding of hybrid abalone was the highest at the combined condition of 32 ℃ and 35 ppt, followed by 28 ℃ and 30 ppt. Feeding of hybrid abalone at the combined condition of 20 ℃ and 40 ppt was the lowest, and was about one sixth to that at 32 ℃ and 35 ppt. Among the 16 treatments in artificial diet group, feeding of hybrid abalone was the highest at the combined condition of 24 ℃ and 30 ppt, followed by 24 ℃ and 30 ppt. Feeding of hybrid abalone at 20 ℃ and 40 ppt was the lowest, and was one fourth to that at 28 ℃ and 30 ppt. Hybrid abalone fed Gracilaria in summer, and artificial diet in winter is suggested.
Taiwan abalone which was placed in recirculation system and flow-through system and fed Gracilaria and artificial diet was examined for growth for 184 days. Taiwan abalone placed in flow-through system and fed Gracilaria grew the best, whereas the abalone placed in flow-through and fed artificial diet grew the worst, and was two third to that of the former. Growth rate based on mg/day and μm/day was better for the abalone placed in flow-through system and fed Gracilaria, and for that placed in recirculation system and fed artificial diet. Taiwan abalone during the periods of 5/11 ~ 6/7 (month/day) and 6/8 ~ 7/5 grew better, whereas the abalone during the periods of 3/15 ~ 4/12 and 7/6 ~ 8/2 grew less.
Hybrid abalone which was placed in recirculation system and flow-through system and fed Gracilaria and artificial diet was examined for growth after 128 days. Hybrid abalone placed in flow-through system and fed Gracilaria grew the best, whereas the abalone placed in flow-through and fed artificial diet grew the worst. Growth rate based on mg/day and μm/day was the worst for the hybrid abalone placed in flow-through system and fed artificial diet. Hybrid abalone during the periods of 5/10 ~ 6/7 and 6/8 ~ 7/5 grew better, whereas the abalone during the periods of 7/6 ~8/2 and 8/3 ~9/15 grew less.
This study also indicated that abalone placed in recirculation system and fed artificial diet is suggested during the rainy season or when typhoon strikes. This study also indicated that hybrid abalone is a good candidate for abalone farming in addition to Taiwan abalone.

目 錄
目 錄--------------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
謝 辭--------------------------------------------------------Ⅱ
第一章緒 言------------------------------------------------1
第二章台灣鮑在不同水溫與鹽度組合下之攝食
摘 要----------------------------------------------------------8
前 言----------------------------------------------------------8
材料與方法-----------------------------------------------------9
結 果---------------------------------------------------------11
討 論---------------------------------------------------------14
表------------------------------------------------------------16
圖------------------------------------------------------------18
第三章雜交鮑在不同水溫與鹽度組合下之攝食
摘 要---------------------------------------------------------22
前 言---------------------------------------------------------22
材料與方法----------------------------------------------------23
結 果---------------------------------------------------------24
討 論---------------------------------------------------------27
表------------------------------------------------------------29
圖------------------------------------------------------------31
第四章台灣鮑在流水系統與循環水系統的養殖比較
摘 要---------------------------------------------------------35
前 言---------------------------------------------------------35
材料與方法----------------------------------------------------36
結 果---------------------------------------------------------37
討 論---------------------------------------------------------40
表------------------------------------------------------------42
圖------------------------------------------------------------45
第五章雜交鮑在流水系統與循環水系統的養殖比較
摘 要---------------------------------------------------------50
前 言---------------------------------------------------------50
材料與方法----------------------------------------------------51
結 果---------------------------------------------------------51
討 論---------------------------------------------------------54
表------------------------------------------------------------57
圖------------------------------------------------------------60
第六章結 論-----------------------------------------------65
參考文獻----------------------------------------67
Appendix---------------------------------------------76

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