臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　急救花精在花精療法中，常被用在緩解突發性的焦慮與驚恐的狀態，本研究的主要目的是在探討急救花精對於健康的女性心率變異之影響，進一步瞭解其對於緩解焦慮與驚恐的狀態之作用。本研究以兩階段交互實驗設計，針對20名女性（平均年齡29±4歲）採隨機單盲的方式將兩種介入變項，分為兩種順序進行（介入變項為急救花精與安慰劑），兩種介入變項進行之時間間隔為一個月。實驗進行方式分別以4滴的急救花精或4滴的安慰劑加入250毫升的蒸餾水進行啜飲，並請受試者於實驗前填寫五大人格特質量表。實驗前、後及後30分鐘進行血壓與心率變異度的量測，以單因子變異數分析進行急救花精或安慰劑介入前、後及後30分鐘之比較；多變量變異數分析進行急救花精與安慰劑間，在介入前、後及後30分鐘之血壓與心率變異度比較，以及五大人格特質對於急救花精與安慰劑介入前、後變化量(Δ＝實驗後－實驗前)之影響。研究結果顯示：急救花精介入前、後的「常規化低頻功率」(p=0.011)與「低高頻功率比」(p=0.009)有顯著下降，而「常規化高頻功率」則有顯著上升(p=0.011)。在介入急救花精與安慰劑間之比較，急救花精較安慰劑在「常規化低頻功率」(p=0.002)、「低高頻功率比」(p=0.002)和「低頻功率」(p=0.015)顯著為低，而在「常規化高頻功率」則顯著為高(p=0.002)；高神經質型與低神經質型，在使用急救花精與安慰劑時，兩者之間在「低頻功率」的變化量 (p=0.021)、「常規化低頻功率」的變化量(p=0.013)、「常規化高頻功率」的變化量 (p=0.013)、「低高頻功率比」的變化量(p=0.013)存在交互影響的效果。本研究表明，雖然作用機制仍然不明，但急救花精對健康女性具有緩和焦慮的作用，且受神經質型人格特質的交互影響。

　　Rescue Remedy is one of the frequently used Bach flower remedies to relieve acute anxiety and panic disorders. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate this claim using normal women as subjects. A two-stage cross-over study design with a one-month washout period was used. Twenty females (mean age 29 ± 4 years) were chose in this study. Participants consumed 250 ml of distilled water dissolved with either four drops of Rescue Remedy or four drops of brandy. In addition, participants were asked to fill out the Big Five Inventory (BFI) before the intervention. Blood pressures and HRV were measured three times, including immediately before, immediately after and 30 minutes after the intervention. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to evaluate the changes of variables such as blood pressures and HRV indexes. Results indicated that nLF (p=0.011) and ln(LF/HF) (p=0.009) decreased significantly after the intervention, whereas nHF increased significantly (p=0.011). Compared with placebo treatment, nLF (p=0.002), ln(LF/HF) (p=0.002), lnLF (p=0.015) were significantly lower in Rescue Remedy treatment whereas nHF was significantly higher in the placebo treatment (p=0.002). Furthermore, interactive effects were observed in ΔlnLF (p=0.021)、ΔnLF (p=0.013)、ΔnHF (p=0.013)、Δln (LF/HF) (p=0.013) between neuroticism personality trait (high versus low) and intervention (Rescue Remedy versus placebo), suggesting that Rescue Remedy has better effects in relieving anxiety of women when the subjects have high scores in neuroticism personality trait.

謝誌i
中文摘要iii
英文摘要v
目次vii
圖目次x
表目次xii
中英文縮寫全文對照表xiii
　
第一章緒論1
1.1研究動機1
1.2研究目的4
　
第二章文獻回顧5
2.1花精療法6
2.2心率變異32
2.3人格特質44
　
第三章研究方法48
3.1研究架構49
3.2研究設計51
3.3研究步驟52
3.4研究對象與場所 54
3.5研究工具55
3.6資料分析57
　
第四章研究結果59
4.1研究對象年齡、體重、體脂肪、身高、身體質量指數資料分析60
4.2研究對象常態分佈狀況62
4.3急救花精與安慰劑介入前之血壓、心率變異比較65
4.4急救花精與安慰劑對介入前、後與30分鐘後之血壓、HRV差異比較67
4.5五大人格特質量表信度分析73
4.6五大人格特質對於血壓、HRV在急救花精與安慰劑介入前之比較75
4.7五大人格特質對於血壓、HRV在急救花精與安慰劑介入前後變化量之比較81
　
第五章討論93
5.1急救花精對於血壓及心率變異之影響94
5.2人格特質對於血壓、心率變異在不同的介入變數前後變化量之影響97
　
第六章結論與建議99
6.1結論99
6.2研究限制100
6.3建議及未來方向101
　
參考文獻 102
中文部分 102
英文部分 105
　
附錄一 受試者同意書 118
附錄二 急救花精酒精濃度檢驗報告書120
附錄三 急救花精之農藥檢驗報告書 121
附錄四 急救花精隻重金屬檢驗報告書 122

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