臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於能源價格不斷攀升，且替代能源尚處於開發之階段，如何有效地節約能源遂成為工業界相當重視之議題。在高耗能的傳統化工產業中，是以蒸餾程序為其能源消耗之大宗。因此，專家學者們紛紛致力於蒸餾系統的改良以提高能源之使用效率。而現有的蒸餾系統相關文獻中，又以熱整合式蒸餾塔備受矚目。
內隔板蒸餾塔（Divided-wall Distillation Column）屬於一種熱整合式蒸餾塔。本研究提出一套完整且通用之數學模式，針對內隔板蒸餾系統進行最適化設計。模式的建構是以一個考慮所有可能情況之超結構為基礎，將蒸餾系統之設計表示成一個混合整數非線性規劃問題（MINLP）。設計目標包含最小化能源使用量以及最小化年總成本（TAC）。本論文中以一個具三成份之進料為例，並使用所提出之數學模式決定出不同進料狀態下之最佳內隔板蒸餾系統操作情況。而所得之設計結果將先與Underwood方法的結果比對以確認模式之正確性，再藉由與傳統蒸餾系統之結果比較來說明內隔板蒸餾系統在能源使用上以及設備投資成本方面所展現之優勢。

Owing to the rising cost of energy and the fact that new energy resources are not yet available to all, how to utilize energy in an efficient way has become an important issue for industrial processes. In high energy-consuming chemical industrials, the distillation process plays the most part in consuming energy. Therefore, all savant devote improving the distillation system to promote the
energy-consuming efficiency. Until now, the relevant literature of the distillation system, the energy integration of distillation is the most interesting.
Divided-wall Distillation Column (DWC) is the one of energy integration of distillation. Based on a superstructure which incorporates all possible schemes, this work aims to propose a general mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) formulation for modeling and optimizing the Divided-wall Distillation Column, where design objectives include the minimization of energy consumption and the minimization of total annual cost (TAC). For a three component feed, Optimal operating conditions can be obtained with different feed conditions according to the model of this work. For one thing, results from the proposed mathematical formulation will be compared with the results from Underwood''s method to comfirm its correction. For the next, the results are also compared with the results of conventional distillation systems to illustrate that the advantages of energy-consuming and capital investment cost of Divided-wall Distillation Column (DWC).

口試委員會審定書............................ i
誌謝........................................ iii
摘要........................................ v
Abstract.................................... vii
附圖目錄.................................... xii
附表目錄.................................... xix
1 緒論 1
1.1 前言.................................... 1
1.2 內隔板蒸餾塔之原理與結構介紹............ 2
1.3 文獻回顧與當前之技術背景................ 9
1.4 研究動機與目的.......................... 10
1.5 組織章節................................ 11
2 內隔板蒸餾塔之最小能耗計算 13
2.1 基本Underwood Equations回顧............. 14
2.2 內隔板蒸餾塔之最小能耗計算.............. 18
3 內隔板蒸餾塔超結構模式建構 23
3.1 模式建立之背景說明...................... 23
3.2 模式建立之基本假設條件.................. 24
3.3 設計流程之介紹.......................... 25
3.4 模式之指標、集合、系統參數、系統變數.... 29
3.5 限制式.................................. 33
3.5.1 0-1變數表示隔板 ...................... 33
3.5.2 0-1變數表示主塔結構................... 42
3.5.3 0-1變數表示塔結構種類................. 44
3.5.4 簡化0-1變數相乘....................... 45
3.5.5 質量與能量平衡........................ 47
3.5.6 邏輯.................................. 61
3.5.7 莫耳分率.............................. 62
3.5.8 熱力學關係式.......................... 62
3.5.9 變數趨勢.............................. 63
3.5.10 氣體與液體莫耳熱焓量計算式........... 64
3.5.11 產品規格............................. 65
3.5.12 塔結構尺寸大小....................... 66
3.5.13 年總成本計算式....................... 68
3.6 目標函數................................ 70
4 模式之實例模擬暨模擬結果分析與討論 73
4.1 最適化軟體.............................. 73
4.2 模式假設與規格.......................... 74
4.3 Case 1 最適化結果....................... 74
4.3.1 最小化外部提供能量.................... 74
4.3.2 最小化年總成本........................ 81
4.4 Case 2 最適化結果....................... 90
4.5 Case 3 最適化結果.......................101
5 結論與未來展望 111
5.1 結論....................................111
5.2 未來展望................................112
參考文獻....................................113
作者簡歷....................................115

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