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研究生:李新約
論文名稱:歐盟藥品註冊管理研析—以草藥藥品為中心
論文名稱(外文):Research and analysis on EU drug registration management — Focus on herbal medicines
指導教授:趙嶸黃世勳黃世勳引用關係
指導教授(外文):CHAO, JUNGHUANG, SHYH-SHYUN
口試委員:趙嶸黃世勳鮑力恒
口試委員(外文):CHAO, JUNGHUANG, SHYH-SHYUNPAO, LI-HEMG
口試日期:2024-07-04
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:中國醫藥大學
系所名稱:中國藥學暨中藥資源學系碩士班
學門:醫藥衛生學門
學類:藥學學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2024
畢業學年度:112
語文別:中文
論文頁數:89
中文關鍵詞:歐盟傳統草藥草藥藥品藥品註冊藥品管理
外文關鍵詞:EUTraditional Herbal MedicineHerbal MedicineDrug RegistrationDrug Administration
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近年來,人們對於自然療法及天然保健產品關注度不斷攀升,此舉反映人們對於健康和健康生活方式日益認同,且在選擇藥物及健康食品時,植物藥及草藥成為越來越多人之優先選擇,人們相信草藥產品可能帶來較少副作用,在某些情況下甚至可以西方醫學相輔相成。
然而,隨著國際草藥市場競爭日益激烈,中醫藥行業在國際化進程中既迎來難得機會,卻也必須面臨前所未有的挑戰。歐洲對植物藥擁有數百年使用歷史,因此歐洲民眾對植物藥之認知及接受度較高,且隨著保健意識提高和對天然醫療理念之認同,歐洲成為目前最具規模之植物藥市場。作為規模數一數二之中草藥市場,並且以顯著速度增長,歐盟自然成為中藥產品進軍國際市場的重要目標。
本文旨在通過對歐盟植物藥市場及其管理現狀之研究,對中醫藥現狀進行分析及對歐洲市場發展趨勢進行剖析並提出相應對策。自2004年以來,歐盟已實施一系列關於植物藥合法化和標準化規範,此等規範對中草藥進入歐洲市場產生了深遠影響。雖然此等規範乍看之下似乎係中藥產品進入市場之障礙,實則提供了合法化進入市場的階梯,本文將對這些規範架構進行系統梳理與分析。
本文首先介紹中藥國際化之概念及其重要性,隨後對中藥出口之全球態勢及歐盟市場現狀進行詳盡剖析。近年來,歐盟對境內傳統植物藥之管理頒布許多相關指令以加強監管。此等指令許可傳統植物藥註冊為藥品並提供簡化註冊方式,惟簡化註冊流程卻充滿挑戰,如資金問題、使用年限證明不足及貿易壁壘等。若中藥企業無法有效應對此等挑戰,將可能在激烈競爭中處於弱勢地位。因此,中藥企業如何適應歐盟所提供之各項標準及貿易上之障礙成為當前亟待解決之重大議題。本文將從歐盟中藥註冊制度之註冊範圍、註冊流程及品質標準等方面詳加剖析其存在之障礙,並通過分析註冊制度之層次架構找出中草藥合法進入歐盟市場之可行途徑以及面臨註冊障礙時之替代銷售形式。
根據歐盟現行法規,中藥進入歐盟市場之突破口,可選擇食品補充劑、藥品、化妝品及醫療器械等多種形式,通過對此等產品之主要上市途徑及相關法規進行解析可找出中藥產品在歐盟上市之可行途徑,並探討中成藥如何以這些形式進入歐盟市場。本文亦將介紹歐盟頒布之傳統草藥註冊指令外,另有歐洲藥典作為合法依據之相關規範,期望為志在拓展歐盟市場的中藥企業提供思路與參考,並提出具體建議,以期擴大中藥於激烈地歐盟草藥市場之競爭力。

In recent years, people's attention to natural therapies and natural health products has been rising. This reflects people's increasing recognition of health and healthy lifestyles. When choosing medicines and health foods, botanicals and herbal medicines have become the priority of more and more people options, it is believed that herbal products may bring fewer side effects and in some cases can even complement Western medicine.
However, as competition in the international herbal medicine market becomes increasingly fierce, the traditional Chinese medicine industry not only faces rare opportunities in the process of internationalization, but it also must face unprecedented challenges. Europe has hundreds of years of use of botanical medicines. Therefore, European people have a high level of awareness and acceptance of botanical medicines. With the improvement of health awareness and recognition of natural medical concepts, Europe has become the largest market for botanical medicines.As one of the largest Chinese herbal medicine markets and growing at a significant rate, the EU has naturally become an important target for Chinese herbal medicine products to enter the international market.
This article aims to analyze the current situation of traditional Chinese medicine and the development trend of the European market through research on the EU botanical medicine market and its management status, and propose corresponding countermeasures. Since 2004, the EU has implemented a series of regulations on the legalization and standardization of botanical medicines, which have had a profound impact on the entry of Chinese herbal medicines into the European market.Although these regulations may appear to be obstacles to the entry of traditional Chinese medicine products into the market at first glance, they actually provide a ladder for legalized entry into the market. This article will systematically sort out and analyze the framework of these regulations.
This article first introduces the concept and importance of internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine, and then conducts a detailed analysis of the global trend of traditional Chinese medicine exports and the current situation of the EU market. In recent years, the European Union has promulgated many relevant directives on the management of traditional botanical medicines in its territory to strengthen supervision. These directives allow traditional botanical medicines to be registered as medicines and provide simplified registration methods. However, the simplified registration process is full of challenges, such as funding issues, insufficient proof of useful life, and trade barriers. If traditional Chinese medicine companies cannot effectively respond to such challenges, they may be in a weak position in the fierce competition. Therefore, how Chinese medicine companies adapt to the various standards and trade obstacles provided by the EU has become a major issue that needs to be resolved urgently. This article will analyze the existing obstacles in detail in terms of the registration scope, registration process and quality standards of the EU's Chinese medicine registration system. It will also analyze the hierarchical structure of the registration system to find out the feasible ways for Chinese herbal medicines to legally enter the EU market and what to do when facing registration obstacles. Alternative forms of sale.
According to the current EU regulations, traditional Chinese medicines can enter the EU market in various forms such as food supplements, medicines, cosmetics and medical devices. By analyzing the main marketing routes and relevant regulations of these products, we can find out the market share of traditional Chinese medicines in the EU. Possible ways to market, and explore how proprietary Chinese medicines can enter the EU market in these forms. This article will also introduce the registration directive for traditional herbal medicines promulgated by the European Union, as well as the relevant specifications of the European Pharmacopoeia as a legal basis. It is hoped to provide ideas and references for Chinese medicine companies aiming to expand the EU market, and make specific suggestions in order to expand the use of Chinese medicine in the fierce competition. Competitiveness of the EU herbal medicine market.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機及目的 3
第三節 研究方法及論文架構 4
第一項 研究方法 4
第二項 論文架構 5
第二章 歐盟草藥藥品概論 7
第一節 草藥藥品、草藥物質及草藥製劑之意義 7
第二節 歐洲草藥市場概況及市場前景 10
第一項 歐洲草藥市場概況 10
第二項 歐洲草藥市場前景 14
第三節 歐洲草藥藥品管制架構 22
第一項 監管機構 22
第二項 歐洲藥典 32
第三項 歐盟草藥專論及歐盟草藥目錄 34
第四項 歐洲藥典、歐盟草藥專論、歐盟草藥目錄間之關係 35
第五項 草藥藥品指南 37
第三章 歐洲草藥藥品管理概況及其相關指令 39
第一節 歐盟草藥藥品管理概況 39
第一項 歐盟人用藥品管理法令介紹 40
第二項 歐洲草藥相關法規的發展 43
第二節 歐盟草藥藥品管理相關指令及其評析 45
第一項 人用藥品相關指令之立法背景 46
第二項 人用藥品指令之相互關係及其修改內容 50
第三項 2004/24/EC指令評析 54
第四章 歐盟藥品及草藥藥品申請類別及其註冊審批程序 61
第一節 藥品註冊申請程序及類別 61
第一項 藥品註冊申請程序 61
第二項 藥品註冊申請類別 69
第二節 藥品上市許可註冊申報資料 83
第五章 結論與建議 85
第一節 結論與建議 85
第二節 展望 86
參考文獻 87


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二. 期刊雜誌
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三. 其他資料
1.歐盟網站,載於https://european-union.europa.eu/index_en(最後瀏覽日:2024.05.29)
2.歐盟官方網站,載於:https://europa.eu/(最後瀏覽日:2024.05.29)
3.歐洲藥品局官方網站,載於:https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-quality-herbal-medicinal-products/traditional-herbal-medicinal-products_en.pdf(最後瀏覽日:2024.05.29)
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5.European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union. Directive 2004/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 amending, as regards traditional herbal medicinal products, Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use [EB/OL]. [2004-04-30].https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32004L0024&from=EN.
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