臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　組合語言是最貼近計算機底層硬體運作的程式語言。學習組合語言可幫助軟體設計人員掌握電腦硬體的特色以及限制，開發出更具效率的程式。而Little Computer 3 (LC-3)正是使用此種語言的基礎計算機核心。LC-3擁有硬體架構簡單，指令數目較少的優點，適合學生在一開始掌握計算機基本的架構。LC-3是由德州大學Yale N. Patt和伊利諾大學Sanjay J. Patel兩位學者所提出的計算機處理器，他們在Introduction to computing system一書中講解LC-3的硬體架構，此書也因此常被使用在計算機基礎課程中。

在這篇論文中，將參考Introduction to computing systems一書中的介紹、LC-3的架構圖及模擬器嘗試自製一個LC-3。以實作深入了解LC-3的運作方式，體會理論與實際上細微的差別。本文的方法是將LC-3核心建構在 Altera FPGA DE1 開發平台上，利用FPGA可反覆修改的特性來製作LC-3架構，並整合DE1開發平台上的周邊I/O，發展LC-3組合語言的各種運用。藉由FPGA實作學習硬體描述語言，並用製成的LC-3配合這些I/O學習LC-3組合語言，提升語言學習效率與實務能力。

　　Assembly language is the programming language closest to the underlying hardware operation. Learning assembly language ​​can help software designers master to grasp the characteristic and limitation of computer in order to develop more efficient programs. And Little Computer 3 (LC-3) is the base computer core in this language. LC-3 has the advantages of simple hardware architecture and the fewer instructions, suitable for students in the beginning to master the basic computer purchase. The LC-3 is a computer processor which was developed by Yale N. Patt at the University of Texas at Austin and Sanjay J. Patel at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. They explain the LC-3 hardware architecture in Introduction to computing systems, and this book is often used in computer basic courses.

In this thesis, I refer to Introduction to computing systems, LC-3 architecture and simulator to implement LC-3. Using the way of the actual production to learn about how LC-3 works, experience the theory and the actual subtle differences. My approach is to build the LC-3 core on the Altera FPGA DE1 development platform, using the characteristics that FPGA can be modified to manufacture the LC-3 architecture, and integrate DE1 development platform on the surrounding I/O, growing the various uses of LC-3 assembly language. With the FPGA implementation of learning hardware description language, and made with the LC-3 with these I/O learning LC-3 assembly language, improve language learning efficiency and practical ability.

一、緒論
1.1 研究背景
1.2 研究動機及目的
1.3 論文架構
二、相關文獻探討
三、開發平台與LC-3實現方式
3.1 FPGA介紹
3.2 DE1硬體平台介紹
3.3 開發環境
3.3.1 Quartus II介紹
3.3.2 LC-3 source code editor 和LC-3 Simulator
3.4 LC-3(Little Computer 3)
四、實現過程與結果
4.1 各單元製作與規格4.1.1 控制單元
4.1.2 記憶體單元
4.1.3 暫存器單元
4.1.4 程序計數器單元
4.1.5 算術邏輯單元
4.1.6 指令暫存器單元
4.1.7 分歧指令單元
4.1.8 位址多工器單元
4.1.9 匯流排單元
4.2 LC-3組合
4.3 輸出入裝置
4.3.1 鍵盤(Keyboard)
4.3.2 LCD模組
4.4 LC-3整合外部元件
4.5 實驗結果
五、結論

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