臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

Traditional Mongolian Medicine (TMM) and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) share common characteristics but are also different and distinct. Observation is the first and utmost important step for diagnosis, including tongue examination. Both the TMM and TCM have the same viewpoint that tongue diagnosis is the utmost important and indispensable part of the inspection diagnosis. Thus, this study aim to recognize the commonalities and differences in the practice of tongue diagnosis and identify the most effective common features utilizing Automatic Tongue Diagnosis System (ATDS) as an assistant tool.
Content analysis is chosen as a qualitative method to investigate the commonalities and differences between TMM and TCM tongue diagnosis. In this dissertation, 98 tongue images were collected by using the ATDS. Features, including size, shape, color, moisture, tooth mark, red dots and coating of the tongue were observed and recorded.
In this study, we have identified and highlighted the most common tongue features and clinical significances which were described in TMM and TCM with the assistance of ATDS. We revealed that the TMM and TCM have similar perspectives on tongue diagnosis. It could be explained by that both TMM and TCM systems are holistic, conceptual and emphasize on theory of method and wisdom (yin and yang), hot and cold, five primary elements, and three humors (wind, bile and phlegm). In TCM, the tongue is seen as a map of the internal organs. In TMM, according to our analyzed data, we haven’t found clear information on tongue map yet. Further, need more research on this issue. The observations revealed in this study may provide new insight and knowledge to the TMM and TCM practitioners and may lead to a better appreciation of Traditional Medicine.

Traditional Mongolian Medicine (TMM) and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) share common characteristics but are also different and distinct. Observation is the first and utmost important step for diagnosis, including tongue examination. Both the TMM and TCM have the same viewpoint that tongue diagnosis is the utmost important and indispensable part of the inspection diagnosis. Thus, this study aim to recognize the commonalities and differences in the practice of tongue diagnosis and identify the most effective common features utilizing Automatic Tongue Diagnosis System (ATDS) as an assistant tool.
Content analysis is chosen as a qualitative method to investigate the commonalities and differences between TMM and TCM tongue diagnosis. In this dissertation, 98 tongue images were collected by using the ATDS. Features, including size, shape, color, moisture, tooth mark, red dots and coating of the tongue were observed and recorded.
In this study, we have identified and highlighted the most common tongue features and clinical significances which were described in TMM and TCM with the assistance of ATDS. We revealed that the TMM and TCM have similar perspectives on tongue diagnosis. It could be explained by that both TMM and TCM systems are holistic, conceptual and emphasize on theory of method and wisdom (yin and yang), hot and cold, five primary elements, and three humors (wind, bile and phlegm). In TCM, the tongue is seen as a map of the internal organs. In TMM, according to our analyzed data, we haven’t found clear information on tongue map yet. Further, need more research on this issue. The observations revealed in this study may provide new insight and knowledge to the TMM and TCM practitioners and may lead to a better appreciation of Traditional Medicine.

Table of Contents
Abstract....iii
Acknowledgements....v
Table of Contents....viii
List of Table....x
List of Figures....xi
ABBREVIATION....xv
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION....1
1.1 Background and motivation....1
1.2 Thesis outline....6
Chapter 2 TONGUE DIAGNOSIS....7
2.1 CHINESE TONGUE DIAGNOSIS....7
2.1.1 Traditional Chinese Medicine....7
2.1.2 TCM Tongue Diagnosis....8
2.1.3 Tongue coating....14
2.1.4 Tongue color....16
2.2 AYURVEDIC TONGUE DIAGNOSIS....20
2.2.1 The Tongue....22
2.2.2 The tongue map....23
2.2.3 The normal healthy tongue....24
2.2.4 Tongue body color....27
2.2.5 Tongue coating....28
2.2.6 Tongue moisture....29
2.2.7 Underside of the tongue....30
2.3 MONGOLIAN TONGUE DIAGNOSIS....31
2.3.1 Three humors....33
2.3.2 Connection between tongue and internal organs....36
2.3.3 Tongue color....40
2.3.4 Tongue shape....41
2.3.5 Tongue shape and mobility....44
2.3.6 Tongue coating....46
2.3.7 Tongue coating color....49
2.3.8 Unhealthy three humors’ tongue sign....51
2.3.9 Sublingual veins....52
Chapter 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS....53
3.1 Method....53
3.2 Data collecting and filtering....54
3.2.1 Tongue images collecting....55
3.2.2 Automatic tongue diagnosis system (Taiwan patent TW I296110)....56
Chapter 4 RESULTS....61
4.1 TMM and TCM tongue diagnosis’ characteristic and clinical significance....61
Normal healthy tongue....63
Tongue color....64
Tongue shape....70
Tongue dots....74
Tongue fissure....77
Tooth marked tongue....79
Tongue shape and mobility....81
Tongue coating....87
Tongue coating color....96
Three humors’ tongue....104
Sublingual veins of the tongue....107
CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION....118
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION....124
References....126
Appendix....140

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