臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

佛瑞一生共創作十三首鋼琴夜曲作品，時間長達四十年，橫跨19與20世紀，早期具有後期浪漫樂派的特色，晚期具有法國現代音樂先驅的精神，寫作風格有所改變，本文將針對其寫作風格之演變作深入研究。大部份國內的研究只限於蕭邦的夜曲作品，故筆者想就鋼琴夜曲作品的延續發展作一研討。佛瑞的夜曲作品乃承襲蕭邦而來，而法國在大約1880-1920年左右，普遍的審美觀為靈敏柔和、透明、客觀的，這些審美的價值觀也塑造了法式鋼琴音樂的藝術形式，使得當時的鋼琴技巧與表演風格較著重精緻的、透明的音響、輕盈的觸鍵，而作為此法式鋼琴演奏風格的代表，首推佛瑞與德步西。十三首夜曲在其鋼琴作品中屬於較為著名且重要的系列，且從其早期夜曲作品充滿浪漫時期的樂思，甜美溫柔的旋律，晚期夜曲作品表現更為內斂，充滿著深沈的靈性與悲思，似乎在暉映其晚年憂鬱的心境，這些全表現在樂譜、音符中，值得深入研究。故本論文以研究鋼琴作品－－「夜曲」的角度，來探討19世紀末法國作曲家佛瑞（Gabriel Fauré, 1845-1924）與其「夜曲」作品之特色與風格演進及演奏詮釋。筆者從早、中、晚三個創作時期挑選三首夜曲－－第一、第六、第十三號夜曲作舉例說明。本研究的目的在於延續蕭邦鋼琴「夜曲」的探討，法式鋼琴音樂的寫作方式與演奏詮釋，並期望後來的研究者能繼續鋼琴「夜曲」的探討。

During 19 and 20 centuries, Gabriel Faure composed 13 nocturnes of piano works for lasting 40 years in his life. Works written in his early years presented a characteristic of post-romanticism. And works written in his late years showed the pioneer-spirit of French modern music. This study made deeply research in changes of his composing style. Most of the research made in our country are restricted to Chopin''s nocturnes. Therefore, I attemted to discuss about the development of Faure''s piano nocturnes. His works of nocturnes were inherited from Chopin''s. In France, about 1880-1920, the general aesthetic conception was sensitive, tender, clear and objective. The aesthetic conception made the art form French piano music and promoted the technique and style of musical performance to delicate, clear soudes and light touch. Faure and Debussy were the best among the representatives of piano performers in French style. The 13 nocturnes in Faure''s piano works are famous and important. Faure''s early works of nocturnes are full of romantic muse and sweet tender melody. But comparing to his early works, the latter works of nocturnes show more deeply spirits and meditation which reflects his melancholia in his late years. All of these were expressed on scores which is worthy to be studied further. Therefore, this study discussed from a view of piano nocturnes on Faure--include stylistic development, performing interpretation and characteristics in his nocturnes. I chose No.1,No.6,No.13 of faure''s nocturnes from his early, middle, late periods as examples. The purpose of this study is to prolong the studies of Chopin''s nocturnes and the composing style as long as performing interpretation of French piano music. Hope that the latters would keep on studying the piano nocturnes.

第一章 前言
第一節 研究動機與目的…………………………………………1
第二節 研究方向…………………………………………………3
第二章 作曲家佛瑞（Gabriel Fauré）生平與音樂創作特色介紹
第一節 佛瑞生平簡介……………………………………………5
第二節 音樂創作特色……………………………………………8
第三章 夜曲之起源與傳承
第一節 夜曲之起源與發展………………………………………11
第二節 佛瑞夜曲的創作及背景…………………………………16
第四章 夜曲作品第一、六、十三號創作手法之分析與演變
第一節 旋律………………………………………………………19
第二節 伴奏………………………………………………………24
第三節 節奏………………………………………………………25
第四節 動機之使用………………………………………………27
第五節 調性和聲與調式…………………………………………30
第五章 夜曲作品第一、六、十三號之演奏探討
第一節 詮釋探討…………………………………………………37
第二節 演奏技巧的探討與解決………………………………...47
第六章 結語…………………………………………………………51
參考書目………………………………………………………………53
附錄……………………………………………………………57

外文參考書目：
Austin, William W. Music in the 20th Century-From Debussy Through Stravinsky. New York: W.W.Norton & Company, Inc., 1966.
Caballero, Caelo. Faure and French Musical Aesthetics. Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Cooper, Martin. French Music:From the Death of Berlioz to the Death of Faure. London:Oxford University Press, 1961.
Cortot, Alfred. French Piano Music. Translated by Hilda Andrews. London:Humphrey Milford, 1932.
Crouch, Richard Henry. The Nocturnes and Barcarolles for Solo Piano of Gabriel Faure. The Catholic University of America Ph.D. 1980.
Duchen, Jessica. Gabriel Faure:20th Century Composers. London:Phaidon Press Limited, 2000.
Dunoyer, Cecilia. Marguerite Long:A life in French Music. 1874-1966. Indiana University Press, 1993.
Demuth, Norman. French Piano Music:A survey with notes on its performance. London:Museum Press, 1959.
Gillespie, John. Five Centuries of Keyboard Music. New York:Dover Publications, Inc., 1972.
Grout, Donald Jay & Palisca, Claude V. A History of Western Music. New York:W.W.Norton & Company 5th ed. 1996.
Gingerich, Carol Joy. The French Piano style of Faure and Debussy:Cultural aesthetics, performance style characteristics, and pedagogical implications. Columbia University Teachers College EdD. 1996.
Hill, Edward Burlingame. Modern French Music. Boston:Greenwood Press, Publishers. 1970.
Huneker, James. Chopin: The Man and His Music. New York:Dover Publications, Inc. 1966.
JÓZSEF GÁT. The Technique of Piano Playing. London:Collet’s Ltd, 1974.
Koechlin, Charles. Gabriel Faure. Translated by Leslie Orrey. London:Portsdown Press,Ltd, 1946.
Long, Marguerite. At the Piano with Fauré. Tran. By Oliver Senior-Ellis. New York:Taplinger, 1981.
Morgan, Robert P. Twentieth Century Music. New York:W.W.Norton, 1991.
Nectoux, Jean-Michel. “Gabriel Faure”, in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musician, vols8.London:Macmillan Publishers Limited 2001.
Nectoux, Jean-Michel. Gabriel Faure:A Musical Life. Translated by Roger
Nichols. Cambridge University Press 1991.
Orledge, Robert. Gabriel Faure. New York:Da Capo, 1982.
Phillips, Edward R. Gabriel Faure:A guide to research. New York:Garland Publishing, Inc., 2000.
Rowland, David. The nocturne：development of new style. Edited by Jim Samson. New York：Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Salzman, Eric. Twentieth Century Music-An Introduction. New Jersey: A division of Simon & Schuster Englewood Cliffs, 1988.
Samson , Jim. The Cambridge Companion to Chopin. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Seymour Fink. Mastering Piano Technique. Portland, Oregon:Amadeus Press, 1995.
Valicenti, Joseph Anthony. The Thirteen Nocturnes of Gabriel Faure. University of Miami D.M.A., 1980.
外文期刊：
Copland, Aaron. “Gabriel Faure, a Neglected Master.” Musical Quarterly 10,no.4（Oct. 1924）:573-86.
中文參考書目：
音樂之友社編，新訂標準音樂辭典，林勝儀譯。臺北市：美樂出版社，民國88年。
周同芳著，佛瑞與法國藝術歌曲。臺北：全音樂譜出版社有限公司，民國79年。
美山良夫著，衛德全譯，法國作曲史略，全音音樂文摘，民國77年11月。
徐頌仁著，音樂演奏的實際探討。台北：全音樂譜出版社，民國76年。
露絲˙史蘭倩絲卡著，指尖下的音樂。王潤婷譯，台北：大呂出版社，民國80年。
王潤婷著，鋼琴演奏的藝術。台北：全音樂譜出版社，民國88年。
郭長揚著，鋼琴的美感表現。台北：樂韻出版社，民國83年。
樂譜版本：
Gabriel Fauré. Eight Nocturnes. Paris:Hamelle, 1958.
Gabriel Fauré. Thirteenth Nocturne. Paris:Durand, 1922.
Gabriel Fauré. Thirteenth Nocturnes. Leipzig:Peters, 1986.