臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

過去的研究已經證明，下視丘的室旁核是一個影響胃腸道活動的調控站。催產素是一個由9個胺基酸所組成的peptide激素，主由下視丘中的室旁核與視上核合成，送到腦下腺後葉釋放，是一種屬於神經垂體系統的賀爾蒙，對於很多中樞以及周邊的反應都具有影響性，其中包含了攝食行為與胃腸活動。最近的研究指出，將催產素由腹腔注射於大鼠體內，會抑制大鼠胃排空及小腸通過率。本研究目的為探討催產素受體蛋白質在雄鼠胃腸道上之表現，及催產素在離體小腸上所扮演的角色。以PowerLab記錄離體小腸縱肌收縮張力、收縮頻率以及收縮振幅。小腸平滑肌條懸掛在37℃充滿Kerb’s 溶液的組織腔室，並連續以95%O2及5%CO2的氣體充氣。縱肌其中一端固定在腔室底部的玻璃勾針，另一端繫於張力轉換器。由西方點墨法之結果，發現催產素受體蛋白質在胃腸道的平滑肌以及黏膜上均有表現。催產素顯著的促進了離體小腸縱肌的收縮並呈現劑量–反應效應。催產素受體拮抗劑atosiban則抑制了催產素對於離體小腸縱肌收縮的促進效果。Tetrodotoxin及nifedipine各為鈉離子以及L型鈣離子通道阻斷劑，皆可抑制催產素對於離體小腸縱肌的刺激效應。Atropine及4-DAMP各為蕈毒鹼受體以及第三型蕈毒鹼受體的阻斷劑，同樣的抑制了催產素對於離體小腸縱肌的刺激效應。CCKA受體拮抗劑lorglumide及devazepide增加催產素刺激離體小腸收縮的效應。而CCKB受體拮抗劑L365,260則無任何影響。以上結果顯示催產素對於離體小腸縱肌的收縮具有促進作用，可能是透過與催產素受體結合，影響細胞外鈣離子的流入，促進小腸縱肌的收縮，而在此過程中，神經傳導物質乙醯膽鹼，以及鈉離子的通透性可能都牽涉其中扮演重要的角色；而膽囊收縮素則可能與催產素協同作用影響離體小腸縱肌之收縮。

It has been demonstrated that hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus is a site dominating gastric function. Oxytocin, a neurohypophyseal hormone which synthesized in the hypothalamus, is an abundant neuropeptide involved in certain central and peripheral effects, including feeding behavior and gastrointestinal motility. Recent studies have shown that gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit are inhibited by the administration of oxytocin in rats. The purpose of this study was to explore the oxytocin receptor expression on the GI tract, and to investigate the effects of oxytocin on isolated rat small intestine. Oxytocin receptor protein expression was analyzed by western blot. The PowerLab software was used to record the resting tension, contractile amplitude, and the contractile frequency of small intestine. The smooth muscle strip was suspended in a tissue chamber containing Kreb’s solution ( 37℃) bubbled continuously with 95%O2 and 5%CO2. One end of the strip was fixed to a hook on the bottom of the chamber, and the other end was connected to an external isometric force transducer. The results showed that oxytocin receptor protein expressed on the smooth muscle and mucosa of GI tract. Oxytocin significantly stimulated the contraction of isolated small intestine in a dose-dependent manner. Atosiban, an oxytocin receptor antagonist, inhibited the oxytocin-elevated contraction of isolated small intestine. Both tetrodotoxin, a sodium channel blocker, and nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, down regulated the stimulatory effects of oxytocin on the contraction of isolated small intestine. Both atropine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist, and 4-DAMP, a muscarinic type Ⅲ receptor antagonist, inhibited the oxytocin-stimulated contraction of isolated small intestine. Both lorglumide and devazepide, CCKA receptor antagonists, increased the stimulatory effects of oxytocin on the isolated small intestine. But L365,260, a CCKB receptor antagonist, had no effect on the stimulatory effects of oxytocin on the isolated small intestine. These results indicated that the effects of oxytocin on the contraction of isolated small intestine via the oxytocin receptor on the GI tract; and may be influenced by synergistic action of CCK. In addition, muscarinic receptor, sodium channel, and calcium channel may be involved in the oxytocin-stimulated contraction of small intestine.

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