臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文乃針對本土性之蟲生真菌─黑殭菌（Metarhizium anisopliae）和蠟蚧輪枝菌（Verticillium lecanii）之劑型配方加以研究探討，以蟲生真菌孢子為主成分製作成三種劑型─油基劑（Oil-based，OL）、可濕性粉劑（Wettable Powder，WP）和水懸粉劑（Suspension Concentrate，SC）。將成品儲存於4℃和25℃之中，觀察其物理安定性並進行生物試驗，物理安定性測定項目包含分散效果和懸浮效果，生物試驗則包括孢子發芽率及死亡率之測定。
黑殭菌之劑型配方研究：第一種劑型─油基劑分散結果以Lutensol AP 6、Lutensol TO 7、Pluronic L 101、Lutensit A-BO和Witconol 14較好，而活性則以Witconol 14和Emulan A在儲存9天後仍有95 %以上的活性最好，其次為Lutensol AP 6、Pluronic L 101和Pluronic L 64有85 %以上的活性；第二種劑型─可濕性粉劑分散結果以Pluronic F 108、Tamol NN 8906、Morwet D-425和Morwet EFW個別與白土混合後，在水中的分散效果較好；第三種劑型─水懸粉劑以Lutensol AP 6、Emulan A 、Tamol NN 8906、Tamol PP和Tween 80個別與孢子懸浮液混合後，在水中的分散效果較好。三種劑型之成品稀釋1000倍後，黑殭菌孢子可在水溶液中懸浮2小時以上，孢子的發芽率為儲存在4℃比25℃高，成品在25℃仍無法長時間儲存。其成品進行室內生物檢定，結果以油基劑造成的死亡率最高，其次為水懸粉劑。
蠟蚧輪枝菌之劑型配方研究：第一種劑型─油基劑分散結果以Lutensol AP 6、Tween 80和Tween 20效果最好，其次為Emulan A、Lutensit A-BO、Ablunol S-20；第二種劑型─可濕性粉劑分散結果以Pluronic F 108、Tamol NN 8906、Morwet D-425和Morwet EFW個別與白土混合後，在水中的分散效果較好；第三種劑型─水懸粉劑以Lutensol AP 6、Pluronic F 108、Tamol NN 8906、Tamol PP和Tween 80，各別與孢子懸浮液混合後，得到在水中的分散效果較好。三種劑型之成品稀釋1000倍後，蠟蚧輪枝菌孢子可在水溶液中懸浮2小時以上。

This thesis focuses on the studies of formulation of entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae and Verticillium lecanii, in Taiwan area. Using the conidia of entomopathogenic fungi as the main active ingredient produces three kinds of formulations, oil-based (OL), wettable powder (WP) and suspension concentrate (SC), respectively. The investigations of the physical stability of the formulation and biological assessment. The physical stability were followed under the criteria of dispersibility and suspensibility. Biological assessment contain germination and death rate of conidia. The formulations were stored under 4℃ and 25℃ conditions, respectively.
The formulation studies of Metarhizium anisopliae showed better dispersibility of oil-based with Lutensol AP 6, Lutensol TO 7, Pluronic L l0l, Lutensit A-BO and Witconol 14 as surfactant. In the case of bioassay, Witconol l4 and Emulan A gave the best results. After nine days of storage, they still had more than 95% mortality. Meanwhile, Lutensol AP 6, Pluronic L 101 and Pluronic L 64 showed 85% mortality. Pluronic F l08, Tamol NN 8906, Monvet D-425 and Monvet EFW, after mixing with clay and then suspended in water, resulted in better dispersibility in wettable powder formulation. Lutensol AP 6, Emulan A, Tamol NN 8906, Tamol PP and Tween 80, after mixing with conidial and dispersing in water, revealed good dispersibility in suspension concentrate formulation. The conidia of Metarhizium anisopliae could be suspended in the liquid more than two hours period after l,000-fold dilution for the three formulations. The germination rate of the conidia stored in 4℃ is higher than that in 25℃. The products of the formulations stored for a long time under 25℃ were unstable. The indoor biological assessments showed good performance in the order of oil-based, suspension concentrate and wettable powder.
The formulation studies of Verticillium lecanii showed good dispersibility of oil-based with Lutensol AP 6, Tween 80, Tween 20, Emulan A, Lutensit A-BO and Ablunol S-20 as surfactant. Pluronic F l08, Tamol NN 8906, Monvet D-425 and Monvet EFW, after mixing with clay and then suspended in water, resulted in better dispersibility in wettable powder formulation. Lutensol AP 6, Emulan A, Tamol NN 8906, Tamol PP and Tween 80, after mixing with conidial and dispersing in water, revealed good dispersibility in suspension concentrate formulation. The conidia of Verticillium lecanii could be suspended in the liquid more than two hours period after l,000-fold dilution for the three formulations.

中文摘要---------------------------------------- I
英文摘要---------------------------------------- III
誌謝------------------------------------------- V
目錄------------------------------------------- VI
圖目錄----------------------------------------- VII
表目錄----------------------------------------- VIII
附目錄----------------------------------------- X
第一章 緒論------------------------------------ 1
第二章 黑殭菌之劑型配方研究----------------------
一．實驗材料與方法------------------------
二．結果與討論---------------------------- 9
9
24
第三章 蠟蚧輪枝菌之劑型配方研究-------------------
一．實驗材料與方法------------------------
二．結果與討論---------------------------- 34
34
41
第四章 結論------------------------------------ 44
參考文獻---------------------------------------- 47
圖表------------------------------------------- 52
附錄------------------------------------------- 95

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