臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在瞬息萬變的環境中，為了有效地回應顧客的需求，許多企業紛紛建立起供應鏈體系，對於供應鏈體系而言，補貨週期往往決定了產品生產的排程與最後上市的時機，而良好的採購決策有助於成本縮減，由此可知，制定供應商遴選原則來選擇良好的供應商，能透過有效的存貨管理來得到更低的總成本。另外，在供應鏈存貨管理中，已有許多研究證實，在多階層供應鏈的存貨管理架構下，採用協同式的存貨管理策略的效果會比個別針對各層級單位進行存貨管控的效果來得好，所以發展一個同時考慮週期最佳化與供應商選擇的多階層協同式存貨策略是非常具有研究意義的。
因此，本研究在不同的研究假設下，發展四個存貨模式，並針對各個模式發展最佳的存貨策略，使得研究問題中供應鏈系統之總成本最小化。在最後的分析中，本研究除了探討實行供應鏈協同管理的優點之外，另外還針對共同週期策略與倍數週期策略的特性進行分析比較，從分析的結果中可以看出實行供應鏈協同管理的確會比不實行的效果為佳，而在大部分的情況下，實行倍數週期策略可以使供應鏈獲得較低的成本，本研究亦討論了在不同的情況下使用何種存貨策略其管理成效較佳，並在最後提出綜合比較之分析建議。

Researches of supply chain management have often suggested that an appropriate policy would likely affect the benefits, cost, and ultimate success in decision making. The policies of replenishment interval optimization and supplier selection are usually to be the objectives of development. However, the research which has documented the combination between the replenishment interval optimization and the supplier selection is scant. Therefore, the aim of this article attempts to develop a coordinated inventory policy which considers the replenishment interval optimization and supplier selection simultaneously.
This research involves the formulation of the optimal policy and derives the optimal policy by differentiation. Ultimately, this research conducts a series of numerical study to indicate the relations between each policy. Results of this research not only show the optimal coordinated inventory policy is workable, but also confirm the findings of above studies. To conclude, this research may be of importance in combining the two different issues, as well as in providing other researchers with a better understanding of coordinated policies.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
LIST OF FIGURE vi
LIST OF TABLE vii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background and Motivation 1
1.2 Objectives 3
1.3 Research Framework 3
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.1 Economic Order Quantity Model 6
2.2 Supply Chain Inventory Management 11
2.3 The Replenishment Interval Optimization 16
2.3.1 Periodic Inventory Control 16
2.3.2 The Literature of Replenishment Interval Optimization 17
2.4 Supplier Selection 19
2.5 Quantity Discount 25
CHAPTER 3 MODEL DEVELOPMENT 27
3.1 Problem Definition 27
3.1.1 Brief Introduction of Models 30
3.1.2 Common Assumptions of Each Model 30
3.1.3 Notation 31
3.2 Model 1: Common Replenishment Interval 33
3.2.1 Assumptions and Constraints of Model 1 33
3.2.2 Cost Items of Model 1 33
3.2.3 Replenishment Interval of Model 1 under Sequential Policies 35
3.2.4 Replenishment Interval of Model 1 with Coordination 36
3.2.5 The Algorithm of Model 1 37
3.3 Model 2: Supplier Selection and Common Replenishment Interval 38
3.3.1 Supplier Selection Problem 38
3.3.2 Assumptions and Constraints of Model 2 43
3.3.3 Specific Notation of Model 2 43
3.3.4 Cost Items of Model 2 44
3.3.5 Replenishment Interval of Model 2 under Sequential Policies 45
3.3.6 Replenishment Interval of Model 2 with Coordination 47
3.4 Model 3: Supplier Selection and Integer Multiplier Replenishment Interval 49
3.4.1 Assumptions and Constraints of Model 3 50
3.4.2 Specific Notation of Model 3 50
3.4.3 Cost Items of Model 3 51
3.4.4 Replenishment Interval of Model 3 under Sequential Policy 53
3.4.5 Replenishment Interval of Model 3 with Coordination 54
3.5 Model 4: Supplier Selection, Quantity Discount, and Replenishment Interval Optimization 58
3.5.1 Assumptions and constraints of Model 4 58
3.5.2 Specific Notation of Model 4 58
3.5.3 Model 4 Establishment 59
3.5.5 The Algorithm of Model 4 64
CHAPTER 4 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS 66
4.1 Testing Examples 66
4.2 Coordinated Policies VS. Sequential Policies 68
4.2.1 The Analysis of Model 1 68
4.2.3 The Analysis of Model 2 73
4.2.5 The Analysis of Model 3 78
4.2.7 Summary 81
4.3 The Comparison of Common and Integer Multiplier Replenishment Interval 82
4.4 The Analysis of Model 4 86
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE EXTENSIONS 94
5.1 Conclusion 94
5.2 Future Extensions 95
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