臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

顫振為大家所知的工具機加工問題，在切削過程中造成不良加工表面及素材加工去除速率降低。因此切削加工顫振問題對工具機產能的發揮是ㄧ個主要的障礙。其中結合刀具與刀把的主軸刀把機構，其頻率響應函數特性與顫振原理可以計算穩定耳垂圖(stability lobe diagram)。在加工過程時可依據此穩定圖，適當選取加工參數可以防止顫振發生。由於刀把機構的頻率響應函數的正確辨識與否將影響到其動態行為與穩定耳垂圖的預估，因此如何正確的求取刀把機構的動態特性是相當重要的。本篇論文針對HSK刀把與刀具組合的刀把機構，以有限元素法建立其動力學分析模型，並且考慮兩者之間的介面剛度，利用提摩辛科樑 (Timoshenko beam)的原理來計算刀把的頻率響應函數與模態振型。並與模態測試結果比對，來修正數學模型的物理參數，如刀把的等效楊氏系數、刀把與刀具介面剛度等，進而建立準確的刀把機構動力學模型。

Cutting chattering is a well-known problem commonly associated with machine processing, which usually causes defective processed surface and low eliminating rate of raw materials processing. It has accordingly become a major obstacle to the productivity of machine tools. Whereas, we can compute the stability lobe diagram of the machine tool by applying the characteristics of Frequency Response Function (FRF) and the chattering principle of the spindle shank mechanism comprising the cutting tool and the shank.
However, based on this stability lobe diagram, and by appropriately selecting the processing paramenters, we can prevent chattering from ocuring during the machining process. Since the correct identification of FRF (or modal parameters) of the shank mechanism will have some impact on its dynamic behavior and the estimation of stability lobe diagram, it is therefore considered as a very critical step that we should first know how to calculate the accurate dynamic characteristics of the shank mechanism.
Targeting the shank mechanism, a combination of HSK shank and the cutting tool, the present study intends to construct the dynamics analysis model, by adopting Finite Element Method, and to calculate the FRF and mode shape of the shank, by taking into account the interface stiffiness betweem the HSK shank and the cutting tool, and by applying the principle of Timoshenko beam. Furthemore, by comparing the mode testing results, we will try to modify the physical parameters of the mathematic model, such as the Equivalent Young’s Modulus of shank, and the interface stiffiness between the shank and the cutting tool, and to further establish a precise dynamic model of the shank.

中文摘要........................................i
ABSTRACT... ..................................ii
致謝..........................................iii
目錄...........................................iv
圖目錄........................................vii
表目錄.........................................xi
符號說明 .....................................xii
第一章 緒論...................................1
1-1 前言 ..................................1
1-2 研究動機..............................................2
1-3 文獻回顧...............................4
第二章 高速切削技術...........................9
2-1 高速/超高速切削技術的發展..............9
2-2 高速切削中的連接系統...................12
2-2-1 標准7/24錐度聯接.................13
2-2-2 替代型設計.......................15
2-2-3 改良型設計.......................20
2-3 高速切削刀具及刀具材料.................23
2-3-1 刀具材料.........................24
2-3-2 超高速切削刀具幾何參數和結構設計.26
第三章 理論分析...............................28
3-1 基本樑理論.............................30
3-2 剛性圓盤動能之推導.....................34
3-3 彈性軸動能之推導.......................36
3-4 彈性軸位能之推導.......................37

3-4-1 由彎矩造成的位能.................38
3-4-2 由剪力造成的位能.................39
3-5 具剪力效應之形狀函數...................40
3-6 運動方程式之推導.......................44
3-6-1 圓盤之運動方程式.................45
3-6-2 轉軸之運動方程式.................45
3-6-3 軸承之運動方程式.................47
3-6-4 系統之運動方程式.................48
3-6-5 扭轉之運動方程式.................49
3-7 運動方程式之求解.......................51
3-7-1 自然頻率.........................51
3-7-2 臨界轉速.........................52
3-7-3 倍頻線之交點.....................54
第四章 模態分析...............................56
4-1 模態測試原理簡介.......................57
4-2 量測系統架構...........................60
4-3 實驗模態分析之實務步驟.................65
第五章 刀把機構之模態測試及分析...............71
5-1 刀把機構模態測試及參數取得.............71
5-2 測試棒模型建立與分析...................73
5-3 刀把本體模型建立與分析.................81
5-4 本體加螺帽模型建立與分析...............89
5-5 刀把全組加測試棒模型建立與分析.........96
第六章 結論與未來展望........................107
參考文獻....................................109
附錄...........................................115

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