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During every presidential election period, various media conduct opinion polls on voters' support of presidential candidates. In addition, due to the rise of Internet, polls often influence the public's voting intentions and increase uncertainty. In order to accurately predict election results, many scholars have successively engaged in election research work, constructing different election prediction models through various theoretical bases. Therefore, this study adopted the opinion poll information released by the various media during the 2020 presidential election period as the main body and applied the hierarchical method and weighting concept to construct a systematic model for layer-by-layer analysis, thereby objectively analyzing the opinion poll of the candidates and exploring the factors contributing to the errors in prediction results and actual voting results. The procedures for constructing the prediction model proposed in this study are as follows: (1) Establish a system model framework for the 2020 presidential election; (2) Collect opinion poll information during the 2020 election period to determine opinion polls collected by the political parties; (3) Determine the weights of the hierarchies in the 2020 prediction model; (4) Integrate the 2020 presidential election prediction model information; (5) Analyze the difference between the 2020 presidential election prediction model results and the 2020 actual presidential votes obtained. Based on the model prediction results in the study and the actual votes obtained, a cross analysis was conducted. The election prediction model results of presidential candidate Tsai Ing-wen appointed by the Democratic Progressive Party were converted into the difference between the percentage of votes obtained and the percentage of actual voted obtained: 61.88%-57.13%=4.75%; the election prediction model results of presidential candidate Han Kuo-yu appointed by the Kuomingtang (KMT) were converted into the difference between the percentage of votes obtained and the percentage of actual voted obtained: 31.25%-38.61%=-7.36%; the election prediction model results of presidential candidate James Soong Chu-yu appointed by the People First Party were converted into the difference between the percentage of votes obtained and the percentage of actual voted obtained: 6.87%-4.26%=2.61%. In particular, the predicted results and the actual voting results of Han Kuo-yu appointed by the KMT showed a great disparity, possibly due to the following two reasons: (1) The time of opinion poll information collection; (2) The impacts of major events and strategic voting behaviors.
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