臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

泰歐巴德．貝姆（Theobald Boehm, 1794-1881），是18世紀末非常偉大的德國長笛改良家、演奏家、作曲家及發明家。貝姆奠定了現代長笛的基礎，將其改善至接近完美的境界，長笛在貝姆手上集大成，長笛在他的改良後成為重要的獨奏樂器。
貝姆為長笛創作超過80首曲子，《大波蘭舞曲》是貝姆早期的作品，完成於1831年，與他在1832年研發新式長笛成功的時間十分相近，筆者推測兩者之間有著重要的關聯性，因此，選擇貝姆的《大波蘭舞曲》作為研究探討的主題，曲中的旋律線條及和聲手法曾被當代的樂評家評為極佳的作品。
本論文主要分別在以下四個章節中來探討貝姆《大波蘭舞曲》：第一章為緒論、第二章闡述貝姆之生平貢獻與音樂理念、第三章則為音樂分析、第四章探討練習方式與詮釋建議來分析研究此曲；瞭解貝姆創作音樂旋律線條與和聲細膩之特點；並透過樂譜上的音樂術語、力度表現及長笛的演奏技法再加以深入探討。經由此研究，期以幫助演奏者能對此作品內容的線索和契機更加明瞭，並能獨具掌握個人演奏的風格。

Theobald Boehm (1794-1881) was a great German flute improver, performer, composer and inventor in the late eighteenth century. Boehm established the foundation of modern concert flute—pushing it to the very edge of perfection. The evolution of flute was completed in Boehm’s hand. Being refined by Boehm, the flute had become an important instrument for solo playing.
Boehm had written over 80 compositions on flutes. “Grand Polonaise” an early work of Boehm, completed in 1831. This was very close to 1832, the year he successfully invented his new flute. Assuming there is an important relevance between them; therefore I chose Boehm’s “Grand Polonaise” as the subject of this research. The melody lines and harmonies used in it were highly valued by contemporary music critics.
Boehm’s “Grand Polonaise” would be discussed in the following four chapters: chapter one—introduction, chapter two—describing Boehm’s lifelong contributions and philosophy in music, chapter three—analysis of the music, and chapter four—researching into different ways of practicing and recommendations of interpreting Grand Polonaise; understanding Boehm’s music works in the melody lines and the features of its delicate harmonies, and through music terminologies on the score, the expressions of power and the skills of flute playing would be looking into thoroughly. Hoping this research could help performers have better understanding of the clues and turning points in this work and develop unique personal style in playing.

目錄
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 2
第二節 研究範圍與方法 3
第三節 文獻探討 5
第二章 貝姆之生平貢獻與音樂理念 7
第一節 貝姆的生平與貢獻 7
第二節 貝姆的音樂理念 13
第三章 貝姆《大波蘭舞曲》之音樂分析 15
第一節 曲式結構 15
第二節 節奏和旋律 25
第三節 和聲 29
第四章 《大波蘭舞曲》之練習方式與詮釋建議 32
第五章 結語 41
參考書目 42
圖次
【圖2-1】1829年圓錐形木製長笛 ..7
【圖2-2】1832年環狀金屬按鍵的圓錐形木製長笛 9
表次
【表3-1】導奏曲式結構表 14
【表3-2】波蘭舞曲曲式結構表 17
譜例表次
【譜例3-1】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, introduzione, mm. 1-7 15
【譜例3-2】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, introduzione, mm. 14-15 15
【譜例3-3】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, introduzione, mm. 18-20 16
【譜例3-4】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, introduzione, mm. 21-22 16
【譜例3-5】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 1-13 17
【譜例3-6】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 58-68 18
【譜例3-7】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 88-97 19
【譜例3-8】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 109-118 19
【譜例3-9】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 162-173 20
【譜例3-10】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 186-195 21
【譜例3-11】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 210-217 21
【譜例3-12】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 222-231 22
【譜例3-13】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 257-265 23
【譜例3-14】波蘭舞曲基礎的節奏型態 24
【譜例3-15】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 1-14 25
【譜例3-16】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 127-136 25
【譜例3-17】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 239-247 26
【譜例3-18】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 185-201 26
【譜例3-19】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 270-289 27
【譜例3-20】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 1-3 28
【譜例3-21】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 1-4 29
【譜例3-22】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 8-13 29
【譜例3-23】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 23-25 30
【譜例4-1】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 148-165 31
【譜例4-2】12 Studies for Flute, Op. 15, No. 2, mm. 34-36 31
【譜例4-3】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 59-64 32
【譜例4-4】24 Caprices-Etudes for Flute, Op. 26, No. 21, mm. 1-14 32
【譜例4-5】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 34-40 33
【譜例4-6】12 Studies for Flute, Op. 15, No. 8, mm. 25-30 33
【譜例4-7】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 38-40 34
【譜例4-8】24 Caprices-Etudes for Flute, Op. 26, No. 18, mm. 21-28 34
【譜例4-9】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 80-91 35
【譜例4-10】12 Studies for Flute, Op. 15, No. 7, mm. 29-40 35
【譜例4-11】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 198-214 36
【譜例4-12】24 Caprices-Etudes for Flute, Op. 26, No. 22, 1-6 36
【譜例4-13】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 230-238 37
【譜例4-14】12 Studies for Flute, Op. 15, No. 6, mm. 1-7 37
【譜例4-15】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 166-185 38
【譜例4-16】24 Caprices-Etudes for Flute, Op. 26, No. 5, mm. 1-8 38
【譜例4-17】Grand Polonaise, Op. 16, polonaise, mm. 270-283 39
【譜例4-18】24 Caprices-Etudes for Flute, Op. 26, No. 17, mm. 1-6 39

參考書目
專書
Boehm, Theobald. & Miller, Dayton C. (1882). The Flute and Flute Playing. London: Rudall Carte.
Boehm, Theobald. (1964). An Essay on the Construction of Flutes. New York: Dover Publications.
Brown, Rachel. (2002). The Early Flute: A Practical Guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Powell, Ardal. (2002). The Flute. Yale Musical Instrument Series.
Solum, John. (1992). The Early Flute. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Toff, Nancy. (1996). The Flute Book. New York: Oxford University Press.
Welch, C. (1896). History of the Boehm flute. London: Rudall, Carte & Co.
宋麗曼（2002）。《長笛發展概說與現代長笛基本技巧的探討》。台北市：亞藝。
張淑芬（2008）。《吹笛書》。桃園：原笙國際。

期刊
宋麗曼（2003）。〈淺說『法國長笛學派』的沿革〉。《華岡藝術學報》，第七期。頁335-347。台北市：中國文化大學。


辭典
Bate, Philip. & Bohm, Ludwig. (2008). Boehm, Theobald. Grove Music Online. Retrieved Sebtember 20, 2008, form http://www.grovemusic.com/
Montagu, Jeremy. (2008). Boehm system. Grove Music Online. Retrieved Sebtember 20, 2008, form http://www.grovemusic.com/
音樂之友社編（1999）。《新訂標準音樂辭典》，林勝儀譯。台北市：美樂。

論文
劉雅雯（2004）。《蕭邦波蘭舞曲，作品22與61之輪旋曲與幻想曲》。國立台北藝術大學。碩士論文。

樂譜
Boehm, Theobald. (1963). 12 Studies for Flute, Op. 15. New York: International Music Company.
Boehm, Theobald. (1964). 24 Caprices-Etudes for Flute, Op. 26. New York: International Music Company.
Boehm, Theobald. (1977). Grand Polonaise Op. 16. New York: International Music Company.