臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

人類社會文明及科技日新月異，造成各種生活壓力，而相關的代謝型疾病或病症也日益嚴重。近年來越多人開始重視健康議題，使得天然、健康的食品市場快速成長。香蕉是僅次於小麥、稻米與馬鈴薯，全球第四重要的主食作物。在香蕉的先前研究已分析出許多成分，如類胡蘿蔔素 (carotenoid) 、槲皮素 (quercetin) 、花青素 (anthocyanin) 、色胺酸 (tryptophan) 、血清素 (serotonin) 等；且擁有抗菌、改善經前綜合症、增強免疫力、調節腸道微生物、抗氧化與避免抽筋等效果。而香蕉花則為香蕉栽種時的副產品，在先前的研究中已經有許多成分被從中分析出來，如花青素 (anthocyanin) 、沒食子酸 (gallic acid) 、兒茶素 (catechin) 、龍膽酸 (gentisic acid) 、對-香豆酸 (p-coumalic acid) 等；同時也報導香蕉花萃取物中具有抗氧化、抗菌、血栓溶解、抑制攝護腺肥大和抗海拉細胞增殖等特性。本實驗以北蕉 (Giant Cavendish, AAA) 香蕉花為材料，探討其含有之化合物與抗發炎活性，以沙巴蕉 (Pisang Saba, ABB) 和北蕉為材料，探討以80 ℃處理後之果皮與果肉中色胺酸與血清素的含量，以做為開發安眠或抗憂鬱等產品的參考。從實驗結果可得知，香蕉花萃取液擁有抗發炎活性；相較於果肉，沙巴蕉及北蕉的果皮含有較大量的血清素；然而色胺酸只發現在沙巴蕉果皮和果肉中，且果肉中含有較多的色胺酸。另外實驗也發現，北蕉在不同熟度下，越成熟的香蕉，果皮與果肉糖度隨之上升，果皮和果肉所含的血清素會逐漸增加，但成熟後期的果肉其所含的血清素有些微下降。由本實驗結果可得知，不論是沙巴蕉或北蕉之香蕉花、蕉皮、蕉肉皆含有機能性的化合物，皆有作為機能性食品材料的潛力。

As human civilization and technology progress over time, modern human life has various pressures, and people are suffering from metabolic-related diseases. In recent years, therefore, more and more people have begun to pay attention to health issues, making the natural and healthy food market grow rapidly. Banana is the fourth most important staple crop in the world after wheat, rice and potatoes. In previous studies, many ingredients have been analyzed in bananas, such as carotenoids, quercetin, anthocyanins, tryptophan, serotonin, etc. Bananas have also been found with the ability of antibacterial activity, alleviating premenstrual syndrome, enhancing immunity, regulating intestinal microbes, anti-oxidation and preventing cramps. Banana flower is a by-product of banana production. In the previous studies, many ingredients have been detected in banana flower, such as anthocyanin, gallic acid, catechin, gentisic acid, p-coumaric acid, etc. It was reported that the extracts of banana flower presented with anti-oxidation, anti-bacteria, thrombolysis, anti-prostate hypertrophy and anti- proliferation of Hella cell. In this study, Giant Cavendish (Giant Cavendish, AAA) banana flowers were used to examine the compounds and their anti-inflammatory activities. Also the concentrations of tryptophan and serotonin in peel and pulp dried at 80 °C were investigated with Pisang Saba (Pisang Saba, ABB) and Musa Cavendish banana. The results from this study will serve as a reference for the development of products such as anti-insomnia or anti-depression. The results showed that the extracts of Cavendish banana flower has the anti-inflammatory activity. Compared to the pulp, the peel of Pisang Saba and Cavendish contain a larger amount of serotonin. However, the tryptophan is only found in the peel and pulp of Pisang Saba, and the pulp contains more tryptophan. In addition, the results demonstrated that the components of Cavendish changed at different maturity levels. The more mature the Cavendish banana, the more sugar in the peel and pulp. The serotonin in the peel and pulp of Cavendish gradually increased, but that in the pulp slightly decreased in the late mature stage. In conclusion, the flower, peel, and pulp of Pisang Saba and Cavendish all contain functional compounds and all are potential as functional food materials.

目錄
致謝 I
中文摘要 II
Abstract III
壹、前言 1
貳、研究目的 7
參、材料與方法 8
一、實驗材料 8
(一) 研究用的香蕉與粉末製品 8
(二) 細胞株 8
(三) 藥品 8
(四) 儀器 9
(五) 其他材料 10
(六) 分析軟體 10
二、實驗方法 10
(一)香蕉花萃取液製備 10
(二) 從香蕉花萃取液中分出主要待測物 11
(三) 香蕉花萃取液抗發炎活性與細胞毒性試驗 12
(四) F(9+10) 與F(11+12) 的高效液相色譜分析 15
(五) F(9+10)-4的核磁共振光譜分析 16
(六) 北蕉在不同成熟度下的糖度變化 16
(七) 青熟沙巴蕉與北蕉各製品之血清素含量 17
(八) 青熟沙巴蕉與北蕉各製品之色胺酸含量 18
(九) 青熟沙巴蕉之高效液相色譜指紋圖譜 20
(十) 統計分析 21
肆、結果 22
一、香蕉花萃取液經層析管柱分離後之待測液薄層層析結果 22
二、北蕉香蕉花抗發炎活性結果 22
1. F(9+10) 與F(11+12) 二組樣品的抗發炎活性比較 22
2. F(9+10) 與F(11+12) 兩組樣品的細胞毒性比較 23
三、F(9+10)與F(11+12)的高效液相色譜分析 23
四、F(9+10)-4的核磁共振光譜分析 24
五、北蕉在不同成熟度下的糖度變化 24
六、青熟沙巴蕉與北蕉各製品之血清素含量 25
1. 血清素之檢量線 25
2. 血清素於青熟沙巴蕉各製品中之含量 25
3. 血清素於北蕉各製品中之含量 26
4. 北蕉不同熟度間各製品的血清素含量變化 27
5. 青熟沙巴蕉與北蕉同熟度之血清素含量比較 27
七、青熟沙巴蕉與北蕉各製品之色胺酸含量 28
1. 色胺酸之檢量線 28
2. 色胺酸於青熟沙巴蕉各製品中之含量 28
3. 色胺酸於北蕉各製品中之含量 28
八、青熟沙巴蕉 (HOTx) 之高效液相色譜指紋圖譜 29
伍、討論 30
一、F(9+10)-4樣品降解問題 30
二、成熟香蕉果肉中血清素含量下降 31
三、色胺酸在台灣屏東北蕉的不同熟度各製品皆無測得數值 32
四、抗發炎活性僅出現在萃取液F(11+12) 33
陸、實驗圖與表 35
柒、參考資料 61
一、文章資料 61
二、網站資料 71

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二、網站資料
行政院農業委員會網站:
https://www.coa.gov.tw/ (參考日期:2018. 12.30)
財團法人食品工業發展研究所:
http://www.firdi.org.tw/ (參考日期:2019. 1.14)
衛生福利部統計處:
https://dep.mohw.gov.tw/DOS/mp-113.html (參考日期:2019. 1.10)
Examine.com網站:
https://examine.com/ (參考日期:2019. 2.27)
My Food Data網站:
https://www.myfooddata.com/ (參考日期:2019. 2.16)
New Nutrition Business:
https://www.new-nutrition.com/ (參考日期:2018. 11.5)
Transparency Market Research:
https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/ (參考日期:2018. 10.25)