臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　廢寶特瓶容器標籤為寶特瓶經過回收處理後所產生之廢棄物，因材質成分複雜不易分辨，導致回收業者回收意願較低，目前處理方式以焚化為主，但此處理方式不盡理想；本研究將廢寶特瓶容器標籤與黑板樹作為材料，進行基本性質分析及配比設計後，利用熱裂解、RDF-5擠壓成型試驗及熱裂解反應動力學模型，評估其製成衍生燃料之可行性。依基本性質分析結果設定熱裂解及RDF-5擠壓成型試驗參數，分析不同條件下之產物，探討製作衍生燃料之可行性。研究結果顯示，廢棄寶特瓶容器標籤與黑板樹皆具高可燃分及高熱值等特性；熱裂解動力學結果顯示，隨黑板樹添加比例增加，整體活化能有降低之趨勢，有助於減少熱處理所需之能源；固定最終溫度500 ℃、不同升溫速率5、10、15 ℃/min進行熱裂解試驗結果顯示，廢棄寶特瓶容器標籤於添加黑板樹後，能源產率及固態產物產率大幅提升，其產物性質接近煤炭與無煙煤；以固定壓力150 Kg/cm2、溫度120~200 ℃條件下進行RDF-5擠壓成型試驗結果顯示，以廢棄寶特瓶容器標籤與黑板樹比例(75:25)，具有最高之能源產率(112.1%)；綜合上述結果，廢棄寶特瓶容器標籤與黑板樹混合具有製作衍生燃料之可行性，並以RDF-5擠壓成型技術具有較佳之產物產率、能源產率及單位體積發熱量等能源效益。

　　Waste bottle label is a kind of waste generated from the process of recycling and treating waste bottles. Since the composition of the waste label is complicated and is difficult to distinguish as well as separate, most recycle dealers aren't willing to recycle these waste labels. As a result, the current processing method for the waste labels is incineration, which is less than ideal. Consequently, we could reduce its impact to environment by taking advantage of its high-calorific-value characteristic. Palimara Alstonia (Alstonia scholaris) is a common tree species in Taiwan, which also produces a large amount of yard waste. If we could use waste bottle label and yard waste to produce residue derived fuels, the life cycle of these waste would be extended, and so did its added value. Therefore, this study is aimed to take waste bottle label and Palimara Alstonia as raw materials; samples were collected and analyzed with experimental parameters designed in advance. The feasibility of producing residue derived fuels was evaluated by conducting experiments including pyrolysis, RDF-5 extrusion test, and pyrolysis kinetic models. The parameters of pyrolysis and RDF-5 extrusion expriments were determined based on the results of basic property analysis. Furthermore, the feasibility of producing derived fuels was investigated by analyzing the products produced under various conditions. The results revealed that, both waste bottle label and Palimara Alstonia samples contained high combustible components and possess high calorific value. In addition, the results of pyrolysis kinetic analysis indicated that the activation energy required for the pyrolysis process decreased with the amount of Palimara Alstonia added. The pyrolysis experiment performed with a terminal temperature at 500 ℃, and heating rates of 5, 10, and 15 ℃/min revealing that both energy yield and solid product yield dramatically increased when Palimara Alstonia was added to waste bottle labels, and the characteristics of the produced char was similar to those of coal and anthracite. The extrusion experiment performed with a pressure of 150 Kg/cm2, and a temperature at 120~200 ℃ showing that the mix ratio of 75% to 25% (as waste bottle label to Palimara Alstonia) produced the sample with highest energy yield (112.1%). To sum up, it's feasible to produce derived fuels from waste bottle label and Palimara Alstonia, such derived fuels with optimal energy yield and unit volume calorific value could be produced under the application of extrusion technology.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究緣起 1
1-2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2-1 塑膠 3
2-1-1寶特瓶容器標籤來源與性質 5
2-1-2寶特瓶容器標籤處理方式 6
2-2 生質能 8
2-2-1 生質能 8
2-2-2 生質物 11
2-2-3 生質能轉換技術 11
2-3 熱裂解 14
2-3-1 熱裂解原理 14
2-3-2 熱裂解產物性質 15
2-4 熱裂解反應動力學理論 17
2-4-1 Friedman法 19
2-4-2 積分法 21
2-5 廢棄物衍生燃料(Refuse Derived Fuel,RDF) 23
2-5-1 RDF之定義與分類(RDF-1~RDF-7) 23
第三章 實驗材料及方法 26
3-1 實驗架構 26
3-2 實驗材料 28
3-3 實驗設備 29
3-4 實驗分析方法 32
3-4-1 基本性質分析 32
3-4-2 試驗配比 35
3-4-3 熱重分析 36
3-4-4 前處理 36
3-4-5 熱焓分析 36
3-4-6 熱裂解試驗 37
3-4-7 RDF-5擠壓成型試驗 37
3-4-8 產物分析 38
第四章 結果與討論 40
4-1 材料基本性質分析 40
4-1-1三成分分析 40
4-1-2熱值分析 40
4-1-3單位容積重 41
4-1-4元素分析 41
4-1-5鉀含量分析 42
4-2 熱重分析 43
4-3 熱裂解反應動力學 49
4-3-1 Friedman法動力學 49
4-3-2 積分法動力學 54
4-3-3 Friedman法與積分法之比較 61
4-4 熱裂解試驗產物分析 63
4-4-1配比對產物之影響 63
4-4-2升溫速率對產物之影響 69
4-4-3不同參數之產物性質 79
4-5 RDF-5擠壓成形試驗產物分析 86
4-5-1 產物分析 87
第五章 結論與建議 98
5-1結論 98
5-2建議 100
參考文獻 101

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