臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究分別對30種中草藥樣品(包括：薄荷、砂仁、雞血藤、穿心蓮、薏苡仁、半夏、酸棗仁、延胡索、杏仁、貝母、銀杏葉、白朮、防風、黨蔘、玄蔘、丹蔘、杜仲、莪朮、葛根、北黃耆、陳皮、黃芩、茯苓、大黃、麻黃、白芍、柴胡、連翹、川芎、桂皮等)，進行熱水和95%乙醇之萃取處理，並對各萃取物進行多種分析(如：分光光度計分析、碘試液試驗、酸鹼度、可滴定酸、抗氧化能力和導電度等)，再以主成分分析(PCA)進行統計分析，探討有關中草藥樣品辨認之可能性。研究結果顯示不同的分析方法，能夠為30種樣品提供不同的特徵差異，再以PCA對樣品進行辨認，結果顯示30種樣品均能被正確辨認。本研究建立之方法亦能正確對相同種類、但不同來源之中草藥樣品加以辨認。整體而言，本研究能幫助建立具有快速辨認潛力之植物辨認方法。

The present study attempted to recognize 30 selected Chinese herbal medicine samples, including Mentha arvensis, Amomum villosum Lour., Millettia reticulata Benth, Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees, Coix lacryma-jobi Linn., Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit., Ziziphus jujuba Mill var. Spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chow, Corydalis bulbosa D.C., Prunus armeniaca L., Fritillaria thunbergii Miq., Ginkgo biloba Linn, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., Siler divaricatum Benth et Hook., Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., Scrophularia oldhami Oliv., Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Curcuma phaeaulis Valeton, Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, Astragalus membranaceus Fisch., Citrus reticulata Blanco, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Poria Cocos (Schw.) Wolf, Rheum officinale Baill., Ephedra sinica Stapf., Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Bupleurum chinense, Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, and Cinnamomum cassia Blume. These herbal samples were extracted with hot water and 95% of ethanol. The extracts were analyzed (i.e. spectrophotometric scanning, iodine analysis, pH values, antioxidant capacity, titratable acidity, electrical conductivity) and computed by the principle component analysis (PCA). The results from different analytical methods have proposed the characteristics of different samples. The recognition results showed that 30 herbal samples could be recognized correctly. This protocol could also be used to recognize the other samples collected from different sources. Overall, the results from this study showed its potential in the development of a rapid recognition for different herbal materials.

目錄 i
表次 iii
圖次 iv
摘要 vi
Abstract vii

1. 緒論 1
1.1 中草藥辨認 1
1.1.1 發展 1
1.1.2 重要性 2
1.1.3 辨認方法 3
1.1.3.1 傳統方法 3
1.1.3.2 現代方法 5
1.1.3.3 其他 7
1.2 主成分分析 9
2 目的 11
3 材料與方法 12
3.1 試驗架構與材料 12
3.2 中草藥樣品之萃取 12
3.2.1 熱水萃取 12
3.2.2 95%乙醇萃取 12
3.3 中草藥樣品之分析 12
3.3.1 水分分析 12
3.3.2 分光光度計分析 16
3.3.3 碘試液試驗 16
3.3.4 酸鹼度 16
3.3.5 可滴定酸 16
3.3.6 抗氧化能力 17
3.3.7 導電度 17
3.3.8 澱粉酶抑制物 17
3.4 統計方法 18
4 結果與討論 19
4.1 中草藥樣品之分析結果 19
4.1.1 水分分析 19
4.1.2 分光光度計分析、碘試液試驗和酸鹼度 19
4.1.3 可滴定酸 51
4.1.4 抗氧化能力 52
4.1.5 導電度 52
4.1.6 澱粉酶抑制物 53
4.2 中草藥樣品之辨認結果 57
5 結論 65
6 參考文獻 66

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