臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究之主旨為設計與製作多缸汽油引擎前饋式一階噴油補償控制器。運用物件導向程式，建立針對汽油引擎噴油控制系統動態模擬技術與控制參數設定評估系統性能之圖控程式。並使用前饋式一階噴油補償控制器搭配PI噴油控制器模型，修正噴油量以保持空燃比於節氣門瞬間開啟與關閉時，維持在設定之目標值。
本研究主要針對前饋式一階引擎噴油控制器開發，模擬控制汽油引擎噴油量控制，使其空燃比在節氣門瞬間開啟與關閉時不至於改變，維持在設定之目標範圍內，使其更有效率的運用能源，達成燃油節省與廢氣排放控制。研究另以適應性前饋式一階噴油控制器結合PI控制器，依據瞬間改變的節氣門電壓輸入前饋一階噴油控制器中，加以增濃或稀薄噴油量。結合含氧感知器所輸出之排氣中含氧濃度或狀態變數加以修正PI控器參數，以構成一閉迴路系統之回饋控制。
利用所建立之汽油引擎空燃比預測模型，配合控制器之環境，修改前饋式一階噴油補償控制器與PI控制器之參數，達到所需的噴油脈寬分布圖，再將控制器利用硬體實現，搭配汽油引擎使用。在定轉速、三種不同的節氣門開度下測試，其模擬與實際硬體輸出之空燃比能控制在合理的誤差範圍內。

The subject of this research is to design and make the forward first-order fuel injection compensating controller. The object-oriented dynamical simulation programs were integrated to establish the SI engine fuel injection system performance evaluation methodology. The amount of fuel injected is controlled by the PI controller which combined the forward first-order compensating controller output, so that the specified Air-Fuel ratio (A/F) goal can be maintained.
The effects on engine of fuel injection quantity and its timing from the developed controller output were simulated so that engine A/F can be maintained within the specified range. For lowering the engine fuel consumption and emission, this compensating controller gave better performance even under different operating conditions. This study also developed an adaptive forward first-order fuel injection controller, by using forward voltage signal from the throttle position sensor to the controller to adjust the fuel injection duration from the fuel injection system to control the engine A/F. This forward feedback compensating controller also integrated with the original feedback oxygen sensor signal to modify the PI control parameters in a closed-loop form.
The A/F ratio predicting module for SI engine established in this research help the related fuel injection controller designer to compare effects from the different set-up fuel injection maps on engine performance. The fuel controller parameters were implemented then into the hardware to realize the fuel injection controller for this specific SI engine. Three different engine operating conditions at different constant-speed, throttle step response were being tested. Results of simulation and the corresponding actual engine experiment data of A/F from fuel controller hardware outputs were compared. The new developed fuel compensator gave better performance in A/F in the specified range while keep the engine output torque still maintained as the original baseline engine values

授權書 iii
中文摘要 iv
ABSTRACT v
誌謝 vii
目錄 viii
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xv
符號說明 xvi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2.文獻回顧 1
1.2.1引擎性能評估模擬及硬體迴路模擬之應用 2
1.2.2汽油引擎之前饋式一階空燃比控制 6
1.2.3引擎管理系統及嵌入式控制器之探討 9
1.3研究動機 12
1.4本文架構 12
第二章 研究方法 13
2.1汽油引擎燃料噴射系統概要 13
2.1.1 空燃比與引擎性能之關係 13
2.1.2 電子控制燃料噴射式汽油引擎 15
2.2 燃油量之計算 18
2.2.1 基本噴射時間之決定 19
2.2.2 引擎相關之油量修正 20
2.3 建立汽油引擎空燃比模擬之模型 23
2.3.1引擎之動態模式 24
2.3.2 噴油控制器之設計 30
2.4 實驗設計法 37
2.5 四行程汽油引擎空燃比控制之相關實驗設備 38
第三章 汽油引擎噴油訊號模擬系統與控制器硬體系統 45
3.1 汽油引擎前饋一階噴油補償控制器 45
3.2 汽油引擎噴油控制器 63
第四章 結果與討論 69
4.1 引擎模型及硬體空燃比驗證 69
4.2 引擎油耗驗證 78
4.3 引擎輸出扭力驗證 85
第五章 結論與建議 93
5.1結論 93
5.2建議事項與未來研究項目 95
參考文獻 96

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