臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

資料倉儲的資料模式大都是以關連式資料模式為主，但近幾年物件關連式資料模式已開始被應用在多媒體資料庫、華爾街新聞資料庫等系統中，用以處理較複雜的資料及查詢。因此，為了提供資訊輔助決策，有必要將物件觀念導入關連式模式中並且建立相應之資料倉儲。
本研究首先提出一物件關連式資料倉儲（Object Relational Data Warehouse，ORDW）的概念層模式（Conceptual Model），稱為EDF Model(Extended Dimension Fact Model)，用以擴張資料倉儲系統的資料處理型態，使能表達繼承、子類別與母類別的概念。同時發展一套演算法，可將擴充式個體關係（Extended Entity Relationship Model）圖轉換成EDF Model，最後藉由Project Inc.以及Hospital二個實際例子的EER Model驗證此半自動轉換演算法；此EDF Model與半自動轉換演算法可作為物件關連式資料倉儲綱要設計的參考依據。
因此本研究不但把資料倉儲帶入新的研究領域，亦為資料倉儲設計之半自動化建立新的里程。

The data models for data warehouses have been mostly relational for decades. Object-relational data modeling, however, has started to gain much attention in areas like multimedia databases, geographic information systems, and so on. As the use of multimedia data and unstructured (or semi-structured) data are becoming more common, it will be necessary to include those complex data in the data warehouses. Therefore, introducing the object concepts to relational data modeling for data warehousing is a new way to build a data warehouse, which can handle more complex data and process more complex queries.
The objective of this project is to propose a concept model for object relational data warehouse that allows the data warehouse to handle complex data. Furthermore, we develop an algorithm to automatically transform the extended entity relationship model of the source databases to the proposed concept model to make our approach a viable solution.

第一章 緒論………………………………………………………………….1
1.1研究動機…………………………………………………………………....1
1.1.1資料倉儲的興起………………………………………………………..1
1.1.2物件關連式資料庫之趨勢……………………………………………..2
1.1.3 選擇資料倉儲概念層研究的原因…………………………………….3
1.2研究目的與重要性…………………………………………………………3
1.2.1 研究問題與目的……………………………………………………….3
1.2.2 研究重要性…………………………………………………………….4
1.3 研究背景…………………………………………………………………...5
1.3.1 資料倉儲之定義與架構………………….……………………………….…5
1.3.2資料倉儲的建置模式與建置流程……………………………………….…7
1.3.3資料倉儲綱要分析……………………………………………………..8
1.3.4 物件關連式資料庫………………………………………………………….10
1.4論文架構…………………………………………………………………..13
第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………………….14
2.1資料倉儲相關研究….…………………………………………………….14
2.2 Golfarelli等人的資料倉儲概念層模式………………………………….15
2.3擴充式個體關係圖之特性………………………………………………...17
2.4物件關連式資料庫綱要轉換工程………………………………………...21
第三章 研究設計………………………………………………………….22
3.1研究方法…………………………………………………………………..22
3.2物件關連式資料倉儲（ORDW）概念層模式…………………………..25
3.2.1實值實例（fact Instance）……………………………………………26
3.2.2 fact Schema上的查詢表示法………………………………………....27
3.2.3 fact Schema中的計量欄位…………………………………………....28
第四章 從EER Model到EDF Model之半自動轉換演算法.30
4.1半自動轉換演算法…………..…………………………………………….30
4.2實例轉換..………………………………………………………………….39
4.2.1 Project Inc.實例轉換…….……………………………………………39
4.2.2 Hospital實例轉換…………………………………………………….44
4.2.3 小結…………………………………………………………………...49
第五章 結論與建議……….……………………………………………50
5.1研究結論…………………………………………………………………..50
5.2研究貢獻…………………………………………………………………..52
5.3研究限制…………………………………………………………………..53
5.4後續研究建議……………………………………………………………..54
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………..55

參考文獻
[1] A.Swami,“Optimization of Large Join Queries: Combining Heuristics and Combinatorial Techniques”,In Proceeding of ACM SIGMOD ,International Conference on Management of Data,pp.99-108,Jun.1989
[2] M.Gyssens,and L.V.S Lakshmanan, “A foundation for multi-dimensional databases”,Proc.23rd Very Large Database Conf(VLDB97), Athens,Greece , pp.106-115, 1997
[3] E.Baralis, S.Paraboschi, and E.Teniente, “Materialized view selection in multidimensional database”, Proc.23rd Very Large Database Conf(VLDB97), pp156-165, Athens, Greece,1997
[4] V.Harinarayan,A.Rajaranam,,J.Ulman,”Implementing data Cube Efficiently” Proc. of ACM Sigmod Conf.,Montreal,Canada.pp.205-216, 1996
[5] Ming-Chuan Wu and Alejandro P. Buchmann, “Encoded Bitmap Indexing for Data Warehouses”, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Data Engineering, February, pp.220-230,1998.
[6] S. Chaudhuri and V. Narasayya ,“Index Merging”, Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Data Engineering, , pp.296-303 , 1999.
[7] M. Golfarelli, S. Rizzi. “Designing the data warehouse: key steps and crucial issues”, Journal of Computer Science and Information Management, vol. 2, n. 3, pp.1-14,1999.
[8] W.H. Inmon,“Building the Data Warehouse”,WILEY,pp,100-110,1996
[9] Ralph Kimball,“The data warehouse lifecycle toolkit : expert methods for designing, developing, and deploying data warehouses”, New York : Wiley Computer Pub,pp.125-130, Sept. 1998
[10] Vidette Poe,Patricia Klauer,Stephen Brobst, “Building A Data Warehouse for Decision Support”,pp.82-95,WILEY,1997
[11] Michael Stonebraker, “Object-Relational DBMSs The Next Great wave”,pp.13-41,WILEY,1995
[13] J. TobyTeorey, Dongqing Yang, and P. Fry James,“A logical design methodology for relational databases using the extended entity-relationship model, ” ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp.197-222,Jun. 1986.
[14] Dimitri Theodoratos, Timos K. Sellis: “Data Warehouse Configuration. ”VLDB ,pp.126-135,1997
[15] M. Golfarelli, D. Maio, S. Rizzi. “The Dimensional Fact Model: a Conceptual Model for Data Warehouses”. International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems, vol. 7, n. 2ſ, pp. 215-247, 1998.
[16] M. Golfarelli, D. Maio, S. Rizzi. “Conceptual Design of Data Warehouses from E/R Schemes”. Proceedings of the 31st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-31), vol. VII, Kona, Hawaii, pp. 334-343, 1998.
[17] M. Bouzeghoub, F. Fabret, M. Matulovic-Broqué ,“Modeling Data Warehouse Refershment Process as a Workflow Applcaton”.Proceedings of the Intl. Workshop DMDW''99, Heidelberg, Germany, June 14-15, 1999.
[18] H. Schouten , “Analysis and Design of Data Warehouses”,Proceedings of the Intl. Workshop DMDW''99, Heidelberg, Germany, June 14-15, 1999.
[19] V. Gopalkrishnan, Q. Li and K. Karlapalem, “Star/Snow-flake Schema Driven Object-Relational Data Warehouse Design and Query Processing Strategies”, Proc. 1st Int''l DEXA Conference on Data Warehousing and Knowledge Discovery (DaWaK''99), Florence, Italy, Aug. 30 - Sept. 1, 1999.
[20] Shi-Ming Huang, &; Shing-Han Li, &; Joseph Fong, “Translate relational database model into extended entity relationship model: A reverse engineering approach.”, TATUNG Journal.vol.26.November,1996
[21] J. Fong, , “Converting from hierarchical or network database systems to relation database systems with an extended entity relationship (EER) model”,In Proc. Conf. System Management, Hong Kong June pp228-233,1990
[22] J. Fong , “Methodology for schema translation from hierarchical or network into relational.”, Information and Software Technology., Vol 34, No3, March, pp159-174,1992
[23] Badri Narasimhan, Shamkant b. Navathe, Sundaresan Jayaraman, “On Mapping ER and Relational Models into OO Schemas”, Entity-relationship approach Proceedings, Springer-verlage,pp.402-413,ermany,1994
[24] Joseph Fong, “Mapping Extended Entity Relationship Model to Object Modeling Technique”, ACM SIGMOD Record, Vol. 24, No.3, September, pp.18-22,1995
[25] Shi-Ming Huang, Wei-Chen Lour, Hsiu-Feng Huang, Chien-Ming Huang, , “Developing a Data Warehouse as the first Step for Information Systems Reengineering”., IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Proceedings , Vol. 3, October, pp.2403-2408,1997
[26] P.shoval &; S.shiran , “Entity-relationship and Object-oriented Data Modeling－An experimental comparison of design quality”,Data &; Knowledge Engineering 21,pp.310,1997
[27] Vidette Poe, Patricia Klauer, and Stephen Brobst, “Building a Data Warehouse for Decision Support”, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, 1997.
[28] Christopher Adamson and Michael Venerable, “Data Warehouse Design Solutions”, Wiley, 1998.
[29] Ralph Kimball, “Inside the Data Staging Process”, DBMS Tools &; Strategies For IS Professionals, Volume 11 Number 4, April 1998.
[30] Kathy Bohn, “Converting Data for Warehouses”, DBMS Tools &; Strategies For IS Professionals, Volume 10 Number 7, June 1997.
[31] P. Sherman Richard, “Metadata: The Missing Link”, DBMS Tools &; Strategies For IS Professionals, Volume 10 Number 9, August 1997.
[32] Ralph Kimball, “Migrating Legacy Data into a Data Warehouse”, DBMS Tools &; Strategies For IS Professionals, Volume 9 Number 7, June 1996.
[33] Ralph Kimball, “Dealing with Dirty Data”, DBMS Tools &; Strategies For IS Professionals, Volume 9 Number 10, September 1996.
[34] Robin Schumacher, Peter Brooks, and Paul Gammill, “Data Warehouse Case Studies”, DBMS Tools &; Strategies For IS Professionals, Volume 9 Number 13, December, 1996.
[35] S. LathaColby, L. Richard Cole, Edward Haslam, Nasi Jazayeri, “Red Brick Vista : Aggregate Computation and Management”, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Data Engineering, February, 1998.
[36] Yihong Zhao, Karthikeyan Ramasamy, Kistin Tufte, Jeffrey F. Naughton, “Array-Based Evaluation of Multi-Dimensional Queries in Object-Relational Database Systems”, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Data Engineering, February, 1998.
[37] S. Chaudhuri and U.Dayal, “An overview of data warehousing and OLAP technology”, SIGMOD Record vol.26, no.1 65-74 March 1997.
[38] Gary Hallmark, “Oracle parallel warehouse server”, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Data Engineering, 1997.
[39] Sung Ho Ha and Sang Chan Park, “Data modeling for improving performance of data mart”, IEEE IEMC, 1998.
[40] Jaideep Srivastava and Ping-Yao Chen, “Warehouse creation — a potential roadblock to data warehousing”, IEEE Transactions on knowledge and data engineering vol.11 no.1 January/February 1999.
[41] Fens Albrecht and Wolfgang Sporer, “Aggregate-based query processing in a parallel data warehouse server”, IEEE 1999.
[42] S. Latha Colby, L. Richard Cole, Edward Haslam, “Red Brick Vista: Aggregate Computation and Managemant”, In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, pp.174-177, 1998
[43] S. Geffner, D. Agrawal, A. El Abbadi, “Relative Prefix Sums: An Efficient Approach for querying Dynamic OLAP Data Cubes”, In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering,1999 .
[44] V. Gaede and O. Gunther. “Multidmensional Access Methods”. ACM Computing Surveys 30(2),1997.
[45] H. Samet. “The Design and Analysis of Spatial Data Structure”. Addison Wesley,1990
[46] C.Zou, B. Salzberg, and R. Ladin. “Back to the Future: Dynamic Hierarchical Clustering”. Proc. of ICDE, 1998,pp.578-587.
[47] J.T. Horng, Y.J. Chang, and B.J. Liu, “Materialized View Selection Using Genetic Algorithms in a Data warehouse system” in Proc. of the Congress of Evolutionary Computation, Washington, July, pp. 2221-2227, 1999.
[48] J.T. Horng, Y.K. Huang, and B.J. Liu, “Dynamic View Selection with Association Rules in a Data Warehouse” in Proc. of the IEEE Knowledge and Data Engineering Exchange, Taiwan, pp. 127-134, 1998.
[49] Ming-Chuan Wu, Alejandro P. Buchmann, “Research Issues in Data Warehousing. ” pp.61-82, BTW 1997
[50] H. Gupta, V. Harinarayan, A. Rajaraman, and D. Ullman. “Index Selection for OLAP”. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, pp.208-219,1997
[51] 黃士銘，李興漢，吳焉明，柯雅慧，“概念式資料庫系統輔助設計工具開發”，第五屆資訊管理研究暨實務研討會，pp.637-644,1999
[52] 彭麗貞，“利用EER-to-ORDB演算法達成物件關連式資料庫設計自動化之研究”，元智大學資訊工程研究所碩士論文，pp.13-15,1997